{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T21:18:47Z","timestamp":1783631927346,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,15]],"date-time":"2009-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1242345600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":6923,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epidemiol. Infect."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1990,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title><jats:p>The largest recorded outbreak of foodborne botulism in the United Kingdom occurred in June 1989. A total of 27 patients was affected; one patient died. Twenty-five of the patients had eaten one brand of hazelnut yoghurt in the week before the onset of symptoms. This yoghurt contained hazelnut conserve sweetened with aspartame rather than sugar.<jats:italic>Clostridium botulinum<\/jats:italic>type B toxin was detected in a blown can of hazelnut conserve, opened and unopened cartons of hazelnut yoghurt, and one faecal specimen.<jats:italic>Cl. botulinum<\/jats:italic>type B was subsequently cultured from both opened and unopened cartons of the hazelnut yoghurt and from one faecal specimen. Investigations indicated that the processing of the conserve was inadequate to destroy<jats:italic>Cl. botulinum<\/jats:italic>spores. Control measures included the cessation of all yoghurt production by the implicated producer, the withdrawal of the firm's yoghurts from sale, the recall of cans of the hazelnut conserve, and advice to the general public to avoid the consumption of all hazelnut yoghurts.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0950268800047403","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,15]],"date-time":"2009-05-15T09:21:47Z","timestamp":1242379307000},"page":"389-395","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":117,"title":["An outbreak of foodborne botulism associated with contaminated hazelnut yoghurt"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"104","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"O'Mahony","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Mitchell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. J.","family":"Gilbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D. N.","family":"Hutchinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N. T.","family":"Begg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. C.","family":"Rodhouse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. E.","family":"Morris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0950268800047403_ref008","first-page":"90","volume-title":"Report of the Ministry of Health for the year ended 31st March 1949","year":"1950"},{"key":"S0950268800047403_ref016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/17.4.899"},{"key":"S0950268800047403_ref015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-108-3-363"},{"key":"S0950268800047403_ref014","first-page":"111","volume-title":"Foodborne bacterial pathogens","author":"Hauschild","year":"1989"},{"key":"S0950268800047403_ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.50.1.63-67.1985","article-title":"Monoclonal antibody-based immunoassay for type A Clostridium botulinum toxin is comparable to the mouse bioassay","volume":"50","author":"Shone","year":"1985","journal-title":"Appl Env Microbiol"},{"key":"S0950268800047403_ref012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(89)93010-9"},{"key":"S0950268800047403_ref010","first-page":"473","article-title":"Human botulism caused by Clostridium botulinum type E: the Birmingham outbreak","volume":"191","author":"Ball","year":"1979","journal-title":"Quart J Med"},{"key":"S0950268800047403_ref009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1700750235"},{"key":"S0950268800047403_ref007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)48453-9"},{"key":"S0950268800047403_ref004","first-page":"500","article-title":"Two fatal cases of botulism","volume":"2","author":"Templeton","year":"1935","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"S0950268800047403_ref003","first-page":"1199","article-title":"A case of botulism: recovery","volume":"2","author":"Nash","year":"1934","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"S0950268800047403_ref006","first-page":"580","article-title":"A fatal case of botulism","volume":"2","author":"Kitkat","year":"1935","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"S0950268800047403_ref001","volume-title":"Report of the circumstances attending the deaths of eight persons at Loch Maree, Ross-shire, Official Report to the Scottish Board of Health","author":"Leighton","year":"1923"},{"key":"S0950268800047403_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)47569-0"},{"key":"S0950268800047403_ref011","unstructured":"11. Public Health Laboratory Service. Botulism associated with and in-flight meal. CDR 1987; 87\/42: 1."},{"key":"S0950268800047403_ref002","first-page":"966","article-title":"Two cases of botulism","volume":"2","author":"Nash","year":"1932","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"S0950268800047403_ref018","unstructured":"18. Department of Health. Guidance for Environmental Health Departments on the prevention of botulism. EL(89)P 145 1989 29 August."},{"key":"S0950268800047403_ref017","unstructured":"17. Department of Health Botulism: all-clear for hazelnut yoghurts. (Press Release) 1989, 26 June"}],"container-title":["Epidemiology and Infection"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0950268800047403","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,18]],"date-time":"2020-05-18T05:08:15Z","timestamp":1589778495000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0950268800047403\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1990,6]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1990,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S0950268800047403"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0950268800047403","relation":{},"ISSN":["0950-2688","1469-4409"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0950-2688","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-4409","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1990,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 Cambridge University Press 1990","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}}]}}