{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T14:17:30Z","timestamp":1761488250723},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,15]],"date-time":"2009-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1242345600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":6923,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epidemiol. Infect."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1990,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title><jats:p>Five cases of clinical Q fever were identified amongst students and staff of a Somerset secondary school between 23 October 1987 and 21 December 1987. Five goats which were kept at the school were found to have antibodies to<jats:italic>Coxiella burnetii<\/jats:italic>phase II.<\/jats:p><jats:p>A cross-sectional study was conducted at the school in July 1988. A single CF test was used to identify evidence of prior infection, and a self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data on exposure variables and illness during 1987.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Four hundred and ninety-nine eligible subjects took part in the study, and serological information was obtained from 461 of these. Eighty-seven subjects (18\u00b79%) had CF titres of 20 or greater. It was estimated that only 1 in every 30 individuals with evidence of past<jats:italic>C. burnetii<\/jats:italic>infection had been recognized as a clinical case of Q fever.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Antibody positive subjects were more likely to have been off school sick and to report having suffered chest pain than negative subjects.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Contact with school animals, specifically cleaning the school poultry, collecting their eggs and visiting a school goat on the day of kidding, was associated with the presence of antibodies to<jats:italic>C. burnetii<\/jats:italic>. However a large proportion of the antibody positives (24\u00b72%) had no known contact with the school animals. Spread of organisms, either wind-borne or in straw or manure, may have been responsible for the high prevalence of unexplained infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0950268800047476","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,15]],"date-time":"2009-05-15T09:21:47Z","timestamp":1242379307000},"page":"467-477","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["An epidemiological study of an outbreak of Q fever in a secondary school"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"104","author":[{"given":"L. R","family":"Jorm","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N. F","family":"Lightfoot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K. L","family":"Morgan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0950268800047476_ref027","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/35.1-2.176"},{"key":"S0950268800047476_ref026","first-page":"51","article-title":"Chronic Q Fever","volume":"267","author":"Edlinger","year":"1987","journal-title":"Zentralb Bakteriol Hyg"},{"key":"S0950268800047476_ref025","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.41.12.974"},{"key":"S0950268800047476_ref024","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0163-4453(87)93560-2"},{"key":"S0950268800047476_ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.1177\/003591575905200811","article-title":"An interim account of anautumnal outbreakof Q Fever in Cardiff","volume":"52","author":"Evans","year":"1959","journal-title":"Proc Roy Soc Med"},{"key":"S0950268800047476_ref021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/158.1.101"},{"key":"S0950268800047476_ref018","first-page":"427\u20149","article-title":"Q Fever pneumonia associated with exposure to wild rabbits","volume":"I","author":"Marrie","year":"1986","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"S0950268800047476_ref017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(51)93157-1"},{"key":"S0950268800047476_ref016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.5170.387"},{"key":"S0950268800047476_ref014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/16.2.282"},{"key":"S0950268800047476_ref012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01647731"},{"key":"S0950268800047476_ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.1982.tb124169.x","article-title":"Fever: a study of 111 consecutive cases","volume":"1","author":"Spelman","year":"1982","journal-title":"Med J Aust"},{"key":"S0950268800047476_ref008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1987.00370020159055"},{"key":"S0950268800047476_ref011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(66)90085-4"},{"key":"S0950268800047476_ref007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(82)92001-3"},{"key":"S0950268800047476_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0007-1935(17)30431-1"},{"key":"S0950268800047476_ref004","first-page":"37","article-title":"Q Fever in the United Kingdom and Ireland","volume":"267","author":"Aitken","year":"1987","journal-title":"Zentralb Bakteroil Hyg"},{"key":"S0950268800047476_ref003","article-title":"Survey of antibodies to Q fever in milking sheep and goats in the area around Bristol. Unpublished","author":"Rose","year":"1988","journal-title":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bristol"},{"key":"S0950268800047476_ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1128\/MMBR.47.2.127-149.1983","article-title":"Q Fever and Coxiella\u2013burnetii: a model for host\u2014parasite interactions","volume":"47","author":"Baca","year":"1983","journal-title":"Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"S0950268800047476_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/9.5.935"},{"key":"S0950268800047476_ref028","first-page":"135","volume-title":"Proceedings Third Berkeley symposium","volume":"4","author":"Cornfield","year":"1956"},{"key":"S0950268800047476_ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1148","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.1970.tb84481.x","article-title":"The persistence of complement\u2013fixing antibodies to Q fever (Coxiella\u2013burnetii) after infection","volume":"1","author":"Murphy","year":"1970","journal-title":"Med J Aust"},{"key":"S0950268800047476_ref013","first-page":"42","article-title":"Epidemiology and significance of Q Fever in the Federal Republic of Germany","volume":"267","author":"Krauss","year":"1987","journal-title":"Zentralb Bakteriol Hyg"},{"key":"S0950268800047476_ref015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(82)92000-1"},{"key":"S0950268800047476_ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.1937.tb43743.x","article-title":"\u2018Q\u2019 Fever, a new clinical entity: clinical features, diagnosis and laboratory investigation","volume":"2","author":"Derrick","year":"1937","journal-title":"Med J Aust"},{"key":"S0950268800047476_ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1177\/003591575905200810","article-title":"Q Fever: recent developments and some unsolved problems","volume":"52","author":"Marmion","year":"1959","journal-title":"Proc Roy Soc Med"},{"key":"S0950268800047476_ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.22.4.484-487.1985","article-title":"Immunoglobulin responses in acute Q fever","volume":"22","author":"Dupuis","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"S0950268800047476_ref019","first-page":"223","article-title":"Imported fur materials as a cause of Q Fever","volume":"39","author":"Stempien","year":"1985","journal-title":"Przegl Epidemiol"},{"key":"S0950268800047476_ref029","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2342435"},{"key":"S0950268800047476_ref010","first-page":"223","article-title":"Q Fever among slaughterhouse workers\u2013California","volume":"35","year":"1986","journal-title":"MMWR"},{"key":"S0950268800047476_ref020","first-page":"233","article-title":"The importance of Coxiella\u2013burnetii as a cause of pneumonia in Nova Scotia","volume":"76","author":"Marrie","year":"1985","journal-title":"Can J Public Health"}],"container-title":["Epidemiology and Infection"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0950268800047476","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,18]],"date-time":"2020-05-18T05:08:21Z","timestamp":1589778501000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0950268800047476\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1990,6]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1990,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S0950268800047476"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0950268800047476","relation":{},"ISSN":["0950-2688","1469-4409"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0950-2688","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-4409","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1990,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Cambridge University Press 1990","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}}]}}