{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,4]],"date-time":"2024-06-04T12:33:24Z","timestamp":1717504404429},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,15]],"date-time":"2009-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1242345600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":6313,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epidemiol. Infect."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title><jats:p>One hundred and twenty-eight shigella strains isolated from newborn and infant human faecal specimens at Kaohsiung Medical College Hospital in Taiwan were serogrouped, serotyped and examined for drug-resistance patterns and for the presence of plasmids. Forty-seven pre cent of the isolates were found to belong to the<jats:italic>Shigella sonnei<\/jats:italic>serogroup, 41%to the<jats:italic>S.flexneri<\/jats:italic>group,9%to the<jats:italic>S.boydii<\/jats:italic>group and 3%to the<jats:italic>S.dysenteriae<\/jats:italic>group.The serotype with the greatest number of strains was<jats:italic>S.sonnei<\/jats:italic>I. (29 %) followed by<jats:italic>S. flexneri<\/jats:italic>1 (27%). Each strain was tested for resistance to 11 antimicrobial agents. Eighty-eight per cent of the strains were resistant to tetracycline, 87% to chloramphenicol, 84% to streptomycin, 52% to ampicillin, 25% to nalidixic acid, 29% to kanamycin, 11 % to cephalothin, 11% to neomycin, 10% to cotrimoxazole, 1% to amikacin and none to gentamicin. The most prevalent resistance pattern was ApCmSmTc (28%). Clinical isolates demonstrating multiple resistance were found to harbour a large transmissible plasmid of 45\u201375 MDa while isolates without multiple resistance did not. Two large virulence plasmids of 123 and 110 MDa were found in 12 strains of<jats:italic>S. flexneri<\/jats:italic>and 4 strains of<jats:italic>S. sonnei<\/jats:italic>phase I. Small plasmids of 4\u00b75, 4\u00b72, 3\u00b75, 2\u00b78, 2\u00b75. 2\u00b70 and 1\u00b75 MDa were also present in all strains. These small plasmids were species specific and can be used as marker plasmids to identify species.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0950268800049530","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,15]],"date-time":"2009-05-15T09:09:17Z","timestamp":1242378557000},"page":"87-97","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Drug resistance and plasmid profile of shigellae in Taiwan"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"108","author":[{"given":"S.-R.","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.-F.","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0950268800049530_ref025","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/122.3.170"},{"key":"S0950268800049530_ref024","first-page":"1","article-title":"A survey of plasmid in the clinical isolated shigella strains and their invasive ability and antibiotic resistance","volume":"59","author":"Sakaguchi","year":"1986","journal-title":"Kitasate Arch of Exp Med"},{"key":"S0950268800049530_ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.29.1.207-214.1980","article-title":"Genetic and physical evidence for plasmid control of Shigella sonnei form I cell surface antigen","volume":"29","author":"Kopecko","year":"1980","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"S0950268800049530_ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.34.1.75-83.1981","article-title":"Shigella sonnei plasmids evidence that a large plasmid is necessary for virulence","volume":"34","author":"Sansonetti","year":"1981","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"S0950268800049530_ref004","first-page":"13","article-title":"Studies on shigella isolated in Southern Taiwan","volume":"9","author":"Wang","year":"1976","journal-title":"Chinese J Microbiol Immunol"},{"key":"S0950268800049530_ref023","first-page":"691","article-title":"Plasmid characterization of Shigella Spp. isolated from children with shigellosis and asymptomatic excretors","volume":"16","author":"Haider","year":"1985","journal-title":"J AntimicrobChemother"},{"key":"S0950268800049530_ref001","first-page":"74","article-title":"Drug resistant shigellosis in north India","volume":"76","author":"Arora","year":"1982","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"S0950268800049530_ref003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268800047634"},{"key":"S0950268800049530_ref005","first-page":"47","article-title":"Shigella species from Addis Ababa: frequency of isolation and in vitro drug sensitivity","volume":"88","author":"Gedebou","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Hyd"},{"key":"S0950268800049530_ref006","first-page":"336","article-title":"Yearly changes of drug resistance of shigella strains isolated in Kyoto for five years from 1951","volume":"4","author":"Suzuki","year":"1986","journal-title":"Chemotherapy"},{"key":"S0950268800049530_ref007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02310016"},{"key":"S0950268800049530_ref008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/45.4_ts.493"},{"key":"S0950268800049530_ref009","first-page":"307","article-title":"Inocula replicating device apparatus for routing testing of bacteria; susceptibility to antibiotics","volume":"9","author":"Steers","year":"1973","journal-title":"Antibiot Chemother"},{"key":"S0950268800049530_ref010","first-page":"633","article-title":"Molecular characterization of virulence plasmid in shigella species","volume":"4","author":"Lin","year":"1988","journal-title":"Kaoshiung J Med Sci"},{"key":"S0950268800049530_ref012","first-page":"178","article-title":"Bacillary dysentary due to multidrug resistant S","volume":"71","author":"Macaden","year":"1980","journal-title":"dysenteriae type I. 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