{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,31]],"date-time":"2023-08-31T15:49:29Z","timestamp":1693496969271},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,15]],"date-time":"2009-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1242345600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":4792,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epidemiol. Infect."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title><jats:p>The objective of the study was to assess whether genotypic characterization by means of DNA-fingerprinting pattern (DFP) and multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (MEE) profile as compared to phenotypic characterization would improve the differentiation of<jats:italic>Neisseria meningitidis<\/jats:italic>strains associated with outbreaks from strains associated with sporadic cases of meningococcal disease. In addition, the differentiation of serogroup C carrier strains from those associated with an outbreak of serogroup C meningococcal disease was investigated.<\/jats:p><jats:p>A total of 118<jats:italic>N. meningitidis<\/jats:italic>strains were available for the study: 59 from patients involved in outbreaks of meningococcal disease (2 serogroup B and 2 serogroup C), 37 from patients considered to be sporadic cases and 22 serogroup C carrier strains.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Among the 59 strains from patients involved in outbreaks the 4 strains isolated from the patient registered as the first in each outbreak were designated the index strains. Among the remaining 55 outbreak strains 52 were either DFP-identical or DFP-indistinguishable when compared with the one relevant out of the 4 index strains. This was only the case for 17 of the 37 strains isolated from sporadic cases caused by the same serogroup of meningococci during the outbreak periods, and 5 of the 22 meningococcal strains isolated from healthy carriers. Among the 56 (52 + 4) DFP-identical or DFP-indistinguishable outbreak strains 5 different electrophoretic types were identified by MEE.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Among 59 assumed outbreak strains a total of 4 were identified as genotypically distinct. Among the 37 mainly DFP-indistinguishable or DFP-different strains from sporadic cases 17 different ETs were identified, and among the 22 mainly DFP-different carrier strains 13 different ETs were identified. Two strains among those selected from sporadic cases were identical to the outbreak strain. None of the local serogroup C carrier strains isolated during the outbreak of serogroup C disease were identical to the outbreak strain.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Both DNA-fingerprinting and MEE improved the differentiation of meningococci when compared with phenotypic characterization. The results indicate that tracing a virulent strain within an open group of contacts is irrelevant.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0950268800052328","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,15]],"date-time":"2009-05-15T08:34:17Z","timestamp":1242376457000},"page":"103-114","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Usefulness of the DNA-fingerprinting pattern and the multilocus enzyme electrophoresis profile in the assessment of outbreaks of meningococcal disease"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"116","author":[{"given":"N.","family":"Weis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Lind","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0950268800052328_ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.51.5.873-884.1986","article-title":"Methods of multilocus enzyme electrophoresis for bactericidal population genetics and systematics","volume":"51","author":"Selander","year":"1986","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"S0950268800052328_ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1099\/00222615-40-3-157","article-title":"Meningococcal typing","volume":"40","author":"Maiden","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Med Microbiol"},{"key":"S0950268800052328_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.1987.tb02626.x"},{"key":"S0950268800052328_ref004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/00222615-6-2-187"},{"key":"S0950268800052328_ref014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/150.5.672"},{"key":"S0950268800052328_ref003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00365549309008507"},{"key":"S0950268800052328_ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2060","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.56.8.2060-2068.1988","article-title":"Clonal diversity of Neisseria meningitidis from a population of asymptomatic carriers","volume":"56","author":"Caugant","year":"1988","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"S0950268800052328_ref009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/00221287-138-3-523"},{"key":"S0950268800052328_ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1875","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.25.10.1875-1880.1987","article-title":"Molecular epidemiology of Legionella species by restriction endonuclease and alloenzyme analysis","volume":"25","author":"Tompkins","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"S0950268800052328_ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1729","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.26.9.1729-1734.1988","article-title":"Restriction endonuclease analysis of Staphylococcus epidermidis DNA may be a useful epidemiological marker","volume":"26","author":"Renaud","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"S0950268800052328_ref017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268800066449"},{"key":"S0950268800052328_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00365549109024300"},{"key":"S0950268800052328_ref002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268800049463"},{"key":"S0950268800052328_ref020","first-page":"109","article-title":"Genomic fingerprints and phenotypic characteristics of strains of Neisseria meningitidis causing disease in Italy","volume":"13","author":"Mastrantonio","year":"1990","journal-title":"Microbiologica"},{"key":"S0950268800052328_ref022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.42.11.1229-a"},{"key":"S0950268800052328_ref019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00155555"},{"key":"S0950268800052328_ref006","volume-title":"Molecular cloning, 3. 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