{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]],"date-time":"2025-09-12T18:43:40Z","timestamp":1757702620475},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,15]],"date-time":"2009-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1242345600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":7043,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epidemiol. Infect."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1990,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title><jats:p>A prospective study of genital infection was conducted in four inner-city family\u2013planning clinics. Fifteen per cent of routine attenders had symptoms and signs of vaginal infection and many more women attended primarily because of symptoms. Among the women with both signs and symptoms, 70% had positive laboratory findings, <jats:italic>Trichomonas vaginalis, Candida albicans<\/jats:italic> and bacterial vaginosis being equally prevalent. Measurement of vaginal pH in the clinic was the single most useful clinical finding for directing empirical therapy. Among patients with a discharge confirmed on examination and an abnormally high pH, 72% had either T. vaginalis or bacterial vaginosis. <jats:italic>Neisseria gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic> was isolated from 4% of women with, and 1% of those without, symptoms. We believe that it is worthwhile to investigate patients presenting to family-planning clinics with vaginal symptoms. No single specimen was found ideal for all pathogens, a cervical swab is better for gonococci and also for T. vaginalis but a vaginal swab is needed for Candida and bacterial vaginosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0950268800054510","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,15]],"date-time":"2009-05-15T09:23:11Z","timestamp":1242379391000},"page":"47-53","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["A prospective study of genital infections in a family-planning clinic: 1. Microbiological findings and their association with vaginal symptoms"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"104","author":[{"given":"T.","family":"Riordan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M. E.","family":"Macaulay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. M.","family":"James","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P. A.","family":"Leventhall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E. M.","family":"Morris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B. R.","family":"Neal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Rowland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B. M.","family":"Evans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0950268800054510_ref009","first-page":"98","volume-title":"Gonorrhoea","author":"Morton","year":"1977"},{"key":"S0950268800054510_ref008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003081-198106000-00008"},{"key":"S0950268800054510_ref001","first-page":"193","article-title":"A rapid method for detection of Trichomonas vaginalis","volume":"39","author":"Ridge","year":"1982","journal-title":"Med Lab Sci"},{"key":"S0950268800054510_ref004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.5869.748"},{"key":"S0950268800054510_ref007","first-page":"332","article-title":"Detection of T. Vaginalis in women comparison of \u2018wet smear\u2019 results with those of two cervical cytology methods","volume":"45","author":"Thin","year":"1969","journal-title":"Br J Vener Dis"},{"key":"S0950268800054510_ref002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(83)91112-9"},{"key":"S0950268800054510_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.283.6283.29"},{"key":"S0950268800054510_ref003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268800054522"},{"key":"S0950268800054510_ref006","first-page":"171","volume-title":"Recent advances in infection","author":"Blackwell","year":"1989"}],"container-title":["Epidemiology and Infection"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0950268800054510","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,18]],"date-time":"2019-05-18T22:02:41Z","timestamp":1558216961000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0950268800054510\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1990,2]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1990,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S0950268800054510"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0950268800054510","relation":{},"ISSN":["0950-2688","1469-4409"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0950-2688","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-4409","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1990,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Cambridge University Press 1990","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}}]}}