{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T09:11:31Z","timestamp":1770714691719,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,15]],"date-time":"2009-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1242345600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":5705,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epidemiol. Infect."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>In order to study the effect of antichlamydial antibodies in ocular secretions on resistance to ocular chlamydial infection and clearance of this infection, we have performed linked longitudinal studies in a Gambian village in which trachoma is endemic. We have measured IgG and IgA antibody levels to a local serotype B isolate of<jats:italic>Chlamydia trachomatis<\/jats:italic>by amplified enzyme immunoassay, and chlamydial antigen levels in conjunctival swabs using a commercially available immunoassay which detects chlamydial glycolipid. Having previously demonstrated that sharing a bedroom with a case of active trachoma is a risk factor for acquisition of the disease, we have analysed the effect of IgG and IgA antibody on the acquisition and persistance of clinical trachoma after controlling for age, sex, exposure to infection and for the presence of chlamydial antigen using a Poisson regression model. We have found that the presence of antichlamydial IgG in ocular secretions of disease-free subjects is associated with an increased incidence of trachoma. IgA antibody shows an opposite trend, but this is not statistically significant. One possible explanation of these findings is that antichlamydial IgG antibodies enhance the infectivity of<jats:italic>C. trachomatis<\/jats:italic>for the human eye; this could have major implications for the development of a chlamydial vaccine.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0950268800057022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,15]],"date-time":"2009-05-15T08:57:14Z","timestamp":1242377834000},"page":"315-324","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["The influence of local antichlamydial antibody on the acquisition and persistence of human ocular chlamydial infection: IgG antibodies are not protective"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"111","author":[{"given":"R. L.","family":"Bailey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Kajbaf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H. C.","family":"Whittle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M. E.","family":"Ward","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D. C. W.","family":"Mabey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0950268800057022_ref003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(87)92623-7"},{"key":"S0950268800057022_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1518","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.110.6.1518","article-title":"Immunity to chlamydial infections of the eye. I. The role of circulatory and secretory antibodies in resistance to reinfection with guinea pig conjunctivitis","volume":"110","author":"Murray","year":"1973","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"S0950268800057022_ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.2.1.65-68.1970","article-title":"Antibody type specificity to trachoma in eye secretions of Saudi Arab children","volume":"2","author":"McComb","year":"1970","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"S0950268800057022_ref002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/7.6.760"},{"key":"S0950268800057022_ref014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3543897"},{"key":"S0950268800057022_ref004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(67)94155-4"},{"key":"S0950268800057022_ref026","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.44.4.285"},{"key":"S0950268800057022_ref012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.62.8.509"},{"key":"S0950268800057022_ref001","volume-title":"A guide to trachoma control","author":"Dawson","year":"1981"},{"key":"S0950268800057022_ref020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/166.5.1173"},{"key":"S0950268800057022_ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.7.4.600-603.1973","article-title":"Immunity to chlamydial infections of the eye. V. Passive transfer of antitrachoma antibodies to owl monkeys","volume":"7","author":"Orenstein","year":"1973","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"S0950268800057022_ref008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/127.4.429"},{"key":"S0950268800057022_ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1607","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.113.5.1607","article-title":"The role of immunoglobulin in the neutralisation of trachoma infectivity","volume":"113","author":"Barenfanger","year":"1974","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"S0950268800057022_ref011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022172400022579"},{"key":"S0950268800057022_ref013","unstructured":"13. Thompson B . Marriage, childbirth and early childhood in a Gambian village: a sociomedical study. PhD thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1965."},{"key":"S0950268800057022_ref016","first-page":"260","volume-title":"Trachoma and related disorders","author":"Hathaway","year":"1971"},{"key":"S0950268800057022_ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1491","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.39.3.1491-1494.1983","article-title":"Correlation of host immune response with quantitative recovery of Chlamydia trachomatis from the human endocervix","volume":"39","author":"Brunham","year":"1983","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"S0950268800057022_ref019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(87)90984-6"},{"key":"S0950268800057022_ref021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(67)94158-X"},{"key":"S0950268800057022_ref015","first-page":"137","article-title":"Persisting inapparent chlamydial infection in a trachoma endemic community in The Gambia","volume":"69","author":"Ward","year":"1990","journal-title":"Scand J Infect Dis"},{"key":"S0950268800057022_ref022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/136.6.733"},{"key":"S0950268800057022_ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3811","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.59.10.3811-3814.1991","article-title":"Expression of FegammaIIl on HeLa 229 cells: possible effect on in vitro neutralisation of Chlamydia trachomatis","volume":"59","author":"Su","year":"1991","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"S0950268800057022_ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.61.2.498-503.1993","article-title":"Effects of antibody isotype and host cell type on in vitro neutralisation of Chlamydia trachomatis","volume":"61","author":"Peterson","year":"1993","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"S0950268800057022_ref027","first-page":"112","article-title":"The epidemiology and pathogenesis of trachoma","volume":"3","author":"Mabey","year":"1992","journal-title":"Rev Med Micro"},{"key":"S0950268800057022_ref018","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268800049815"},{"key":"S0950268800057022_ref007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/209725a0"},{"key":"S0950268800057022_ref023","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1989.40.444"}],"container-title":["Epidemiology and Infection"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0950268800057022","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,25]],"date-time":"2023-05-25T04:26:31Z","timestamp":1684988791000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0950268800057022\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1993,10]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S0950268800057022"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0950268800057022","relation":{},"ISSN":["0950-2688","1469-4409"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0950-2688","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-4409","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1993,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Cambridge University Press 1993","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}}]}}