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Males were affected more than females (RR 1\u00b76; 95% CI 1\u00b72\u20132\u00b71). There was no previous joint disease or medical illness in 54%. The commonest joints involved were the knee (54%) and hip (13%). Significant age associations were infected hips in those under 15 years and infected knees in those over 45 years. Seventy-two percent of infections were haematogenous. Causative organisms included Staphylococcus aureus (37%),<jats:italic>Streptococcus pyogenes<\/jats:italic>(16%) and<jats:italic>Neisseria gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic>(12%). Unusual infections included three melioidosis cases. Polyarthritis occurred in 17%, with<jats:italic>N. gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic>(11\/23) more likely to present as polyarthritis than other organisms (22\/168) (OR 6\u00b70; 95% CI 2\u00b71\u201316\u00b77). Univariate and multivariate analysis showed the hip to be at greater risk for<jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>than other joints. Open arthrotomy was a more successful treatment procedure than arthroscopic washout or needle aspiration.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0950268800059070","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,15]],"date-time":"2009-05-15T08:28:55Z","timestamp":1242376135000},"page":"423-428","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":207,"title":["An 18 year clinical review of septic arthritis from tropical Australia"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"117","author":[{"given":"D. S.","family":"Morgan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Fisher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Merianos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B. 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