{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T00:01:59Z","timestamp":1772755319411,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,19]],"date-time":"2009-10-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1255910400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":7993,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epidemiol. Infect."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1987,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title><jats:p>Five laboratories serving a population of 1\u00b75 million participated in a 2-year survey of campylobacter, salmonella and shigella infections in patients suffering from gastrointestinal symptoms. In total, 33857 faecal specimens were examined of which 5\u00b75% yielded campylobacters, 3\u00b74% salmonellas and 0\u00b78% shigellas; incidence of infection (per 100,000 population per year) was 58, 38 and 9 respectively. Peak incidences occurred at different ages for each organism: campylobacter, 1\u20134 years (183); salmonella, less than 1 year (181); shigella, 1\u20134 years (17). There was a secondary peak in campylobacter incidence in patients aged 15\u201324 years (87), which was not seen with salmonella or shigella infections.<\/jats:p><jats:p>By recording the age and sex of all patients submitting faecal specimens, it was shown that sampling rates were disproportionately high in infants aged less than 1 year (12:1 relative to other ages). Thus the percentage of faecal samples positive in infants \u2013 in sharp contrast to incidence values \u2013 was the lowest of any age group for all three organisms. By taking the numbers of faecal specimens tested as denominators in this way, the highest campylobacter isolation rates were in young adults, with a notable male predominance in the 15\u201324 year (1\u00b77:1) and 45\u201354 year (1\u00b76:1) age groups. This male predominance was accentuated during the summer (2\u00b71:1) when incidence was generally high. The maximum percentage isolation recorded by any laboratory was 32\u00b75% in males aged 15\u201324 years in June.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The reasons for this pattern of campylobacter infection are unknown, but the similarity of the results between laboratories and the regularity of the seasonal fluctuations recorded over the last G years indicate that the sources and routes of infection are geographically similar and stable, yet different from those of salmonellosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0950268800066504","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,19]],"date-time":"2009-10-19T12:44:02Z","timestamp":1255956242000},"page":"647-657","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":91,"title":["A demographic survey of campylobacter, salmonella and shigella infections in England: A Public Health Laboratory Service Survey"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"99","author":[{"given":"M. B.","family":"Skirrow","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0950268800066504_ref011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.33.11.1122"},{"key":"S0950268800066504_ref010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/151.5.956"},{"key":"S0950268800066504_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.epirev.a036256"},{"key":"S0950268800066504_ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-5089(21)00236-4","article-title":"Campylobacter enteritis","volume":"8","author":"Butzler","year":"1979","journal-title":"Clinics in Gastroenterology"},{"key":"S0950268800066504_ref012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.75.6.659"},{"key":"S0950268800066504_ref005","first-page":"333","article-title":"Campylobacter jejuni infection in Colorado: unexplained excess of cases in males","volume":"100","author":"Hopkins","year":"1985","journal-title":"Public Health Reports, Washington"},{"key":"S0950268800066504_ref004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1984.00350200114017"},{"key":"S0950268800066504_ref008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022172400063658"},{"key":"S0950268800066504_ref009","first-page":"290","volume-title":"Campylobacter III: Proceedings of the Third International Workshop on Campylobacter Infections","author":"Pearson","year":"1985"},{"key":"S0950268800066504_ref013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-100-4-615_1"},{"key":"S0950268800066504_ref007","first-page":"255","volume-title":"Campylobacter III: Proceedings of the Third International Workshop on Campylobacter Infections","author":"Kist","year":"1985"},{"key":"S0950268800066504_ref006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0732-8893(85)90077-X"},{"key":"S0950268800066504_ref003","first-page":"343","article-title":"Campylobacter enteritis in British Columbia \u2013 a 30 month study","volume":"76","author":"Coles","year":"1985","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Public Health"}],"container-title":["Epidemiology and Infection"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0950268800066504","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,12]],"date-time":"2021-10-12T15:58:16Z","timestamp":1634054296000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0950268800066504\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1987,12]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1987,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S0950268800066504"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0950268800066504","relation":{},"ISSN":["0950-2688","1469-4409"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0950-2688","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-4409","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1987,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 Cambridge University Press 1987","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}}]}}