{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,9]],"date-time":"2024-09-09T02:32:19Z","timestamp":1725849139876},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,19]],"date-time":"2009-10-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1255910400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":6045,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epidemiol. Infect."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title><jats:p>Excessive weight loss due to protein calorie malnutrition (PCM) is a significant problem in Nigerian children. This syndrome may be difficult to differentiate from the wasting disease caused by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. We studied 70 children admitted to the Baptist Medical Center in Ogbomosho, Nigeria in 1990 with PCM for prevalence of antibodies to HIV-1 and HIV-2. The cohort was from low-risk mothers and had a median age of 25 months (range, 4 months\u20139 years) with a weight deficit of at least 20% of the theoretical weight for age. Two sera were positive for anti-HIV-1 by both ELISA and Western blot (WB). A high prevalence of samples negative for HIV-1 antibody by ELISA were repeatedly reactive (11%, 8\/70) or indeterminate (46%. 32\/70) by WB. None of the sera was positive for antibody to HIV-2. There was no correlation of ELISA positivity or extent of WB banding with successful recovery from malnutrition. These results indicate a relatively low but significant prevalence of HIV-1 infection in Nigerian children with PCM. The high prevalence of indeterminate reactions in WB assays for HIV-1 suggests that other procedures may be necessary for confirmatory diagnosis of HIY-1 infection in this African population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s095026880006831x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,19]],"date-time":"2009-10-19T12:39:50Z","timestamp":1255955990000},"page":"373-378","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Seroprevalence of HIV-1 and HIV-2 infection among children diagnosed with protein-calorie malnutrition in Nigeria"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"110","author":[{"given":"G. D.","family":"Fischer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"suffix":"Jr","given":"C. 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