{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T12:17:54Z","timestamp":1792325874881,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,9,2]],"date-time":"2002-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1030924800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":32,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Epidemiol. Infect."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Since 1987, multidrug resistant (MDR) strains of <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic> Typhi, resistant simultaneously to ampicillin, chloramphenicol and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, have caused epidemics of severe typhoid fever in Asia and Africa. A retrospective analysis of blood culture results (1989\u201396) in a Diarrhoea Treatment Centre in Dhaka, Bangladesh detected MDR strains in 0.3% (8 of 2793) of samples in 1990. The isolation rate peaked to 3.2% (240 of 7501) in 1994 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.01) and decreased to 1.8% (165 of 9348) in 1995 and further to 1.0% (82 of 8587) in 1996 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.01 compared to 1994) indicating the emergence and decline of MDR typhoid epidemic. Ten of 15 MDR strains tested had a 176\u00a0kb conjugative R plasmid that mediates resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole to <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic> K12. Unlike MDR strains, the isolation rate (\u223c3.3%) of susceptible <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>. Typhi remained remarkably unchanged during the study. The significant decrease in isolation of MDR strains suggests that cheaper and effective first-line antibiotics may re-emerge as drugs of choice for the treatment of typhoid fever in Bangladesh.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0950268802007203","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,9,19]],"date-time":"2002-09-19T08:23:41Z","timestamp":1032423821000},"page":"29-34","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Decline in epidemic of multidrug resistant <i>Salmonella<\/i> Typhi is not associated with increased incidence of antibiotic-susceptible strain in Bangladesh"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"129","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"RAHMAN","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"AHMAD","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"SHOMA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,9,2]]},"container-title":["Epidemiology and Infection"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0950268802007203","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,2]],"date-time":"2019-04-02T15:20:57Z","timestamp":1554218457000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0950268802007203\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2002,8]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S0950268802007203"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0950268802007203","relation":{},"ISSN":["0950-2688","1469-4409"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0950-2688","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-4409","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2002,8]]}}}