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A computerized search of the Medline database from January 1966 to August 2006 for all zoonotic agents in European countries was performed using specific criteria for emergence. Fifteen pathogens were identified as emerging in Europe from 2000 to August 2006:<jats:italic>Rickettsiae<\/jats:italic>spp.,<jats:italic>Anaplasma phagocytophilum<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>Borrelia burgdorferi<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>Bartonella<\/jats:italic>spp.,<jats:italic>Francisella tularensis<\/jats:italic>, Crimean Congo Haemorrhagic Fever Virus,<jats:italic>Hantavirus<\/jats:italic>, Toscana virus, Tick-borne encephalitis virus group, West Nile virus, Sindbis virus, Highly Pathogenic Avian influenza, variant Creutzfeldt\u2013Jakob disease,<jats:italic>Trichinella<\/jats:italic>spp., and<jats:italic>Echinococus multilocularis<\/jats:italic>. Main risk factors included climatic variations, certain human activities as well as movements of animals, people or goods. Multi-disciplinary preventive strategies addressing these pathogens are of public health importance. 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