{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T15:55:34Z","timestamp":1775836534235,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,16]],"date-time":"2007-07-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1184544000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Epidemiol. Infect."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title><jats:p>We undertook a 5-year retrospective study of group A streptococcal (GAS) bacteraemia in Fiji, supplemented by a 9-month detailed retrospective study of \u03b2-haemolytic streptococcal (BHS) infections. The all-age incidence of GAS bacteraemia over 5 years was 11\u00b76\/100 000. Indigenous Fijians were 4\u00b77 times more likely to present with invasive BHS disease than people of other ethnicities, and 6\u00b74 times more likely than Indo-Fijians. The case-fatality rate for invasive BHS infections was 28%. <jats:italic>emm<\/jats:italic>-typing was performed on 23 isolates: 17 different <jats:italic>emm<\/jats:italic>-types were found, and the <jats:italic>emm<\/jats:italic>-type profile was different from that found in industrialized nations. These data support the contentions that elevated rates of invasive BHS and GAS infections are widespread in developing countries, and that the profile of invasive organisms in these settings reflects a wide diversity of <jats:italic>emm<\/jats:italic>-types and a paucity of types typically found in industrialized countries.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s095026880700917x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,16]],"date-time":"2007-07-16T10:13:52Z","timestamp":1184580832000},"page":"621-627","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["High burden of invasive <i>\u03b2<\/i>-haemolytic streptococcal infections in Fiji"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"136","author":[{"given":"A.\u00a0C.","family":"STEER","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.\u00a0J.\u00a0W.","family":"JENNEY","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"OPPEDISANO","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.\u00a0R.","family":"BATZLOFF","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"HARTAS","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"PASSMORE","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F.\u00a0M.","family":"RUSSELL","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.\u00a0H.\u00a0H.","family":"KADO","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.\u00a0R.","family":"CARAPETIS","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"S095026880700917X_ref018","volume-title":"Human Development Report, 2006","author":"Ross-Larson","year":"2006"},{"key":"S095026880700917X_ref002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/513875"},{"key":"S095026880700917X_ref024","volume-title":"Statistics Fiji Bureau of Statistics","year":"2006"},{"key":"S095026880700917X_ref008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(05)70267-X"},{"key":"S095026880700917X_ref013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.42.1.186-192.2004"},{"key":"S095026880700917X_ref022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/374800"},{"key":"S095026880700917X_ref007","first-page":"179","article-title":"Strep-EURO: progress in analysis and research into severe streptococcal disease in Europe, 2003\u20132004","volume":"10","author":"Jasir","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eurosurveillance"},{"key":"S095026880700917X_ref006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199608223350803"},{"key":"S095026880700917X_ref015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268898001952"},{"key":"S095026880700917X_ref026","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02456-05"},{"key":"S095026880700917X_ref020","unstructured":"20. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Streptococcus laboratory: protocol for emm-typing (http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/ncidod\/biotech\/strep\/protocol_emm-type.htm), 2006. Accessed 9 November 2006."},{"key":"S095026880700917X_ref011","first-page":"148","article-title":"Invasive group A streptococcal disease in North Queensland (1996\u20132001)","volume":"119","author":"Norton","year":"2004","journal-title":"Indian Journal of Medical Research"},{"key":"S095026880700917X_ref023","first-page":"427","article-title":"Chest X-ray-confirmed pneumonia in children in Fiji","volume":"83","author":"Macgree","year":"2005","journal-title":"Bulletin of the World Health Organisation"},{"key":"S095026880700917X_ref025","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/430378"},{"key":"S095026880700917X_ref019","year":"2005"},{"key":"S095026880700917X_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2807\/esm.10.09.00563-en"},{"key":"S095026880700917X_ref004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268803001262"},{"key":"S095026880700917X_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/341409"},{"key":"S095026880700917X_ref009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa040275"},{"key":"S095026880700917X_ref010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1993.03500030082037"},{"key":"S095026880700917X_ref012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199608223350811"},{"key":"S095026880700917X_ref014","first-page":"1587","article-title":"Array of protein gene subtypes in 1064 recent invasive group A streptococcus isolates recovered from the Active Bacterial Core Surveillance","volume":"188","author":"Li","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clinical Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"S095026880700917X_ref016","first-page":"206","article-title":"Acute rheumatic fever in Hawaii: 1966 to 1988","volume":"51","author":"Chun","year":"1992","journal-title":"Hawaii Medical Journal"},{"key":"S095026880700917X_ref017","first-page":"396","article-title":"Longitudinal study of poststreptococcal disease in Auckland; rheumatic fever, glomerulonephritis, epidemiology and M typing 1981\u201386","volume":"101","author":"Lennon","year":"1988","journal-title":"New Zealand Medical Journal"},{"key":"S095026880700917X_ref003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.43.2.802-807.2005"},{"key":"S095026880700917X_ref021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/9.11.1723"},{"key":"S095026880700917X_ref027","volume-title":"The XVIth Lancefield International Symposium on Streptococci and Streptococcal Diseases","author":"McNeil","year":"2005"}],"container-title":["Epidemiology and Infection"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S095026880700917X","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,30]],"date-time":"2019-04-30T23:51:03Z","timestamp":1556668263000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S095026880700917X\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,16]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S095026880700917X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s095026880700917x","relation":{},"ISSN":["0950-2688","1469-4409"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0950-2688","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-4409","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,16]]}}}