{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,2]],"date-time":"2026-11-02T19:10:07Z","timestamp":1793646607079,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":179,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,8,9]],"date-time":"2007-08-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1186617600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Epidemiol. Infect."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title><jats:p>The global incidence of<jats:italic>Shigella<\/jats:italic>infection has been estimated at 80\u2013165 million episodes annually, with 99% of episodes occurring in the developing world. To identify contemporary gaps in the understanding of the global epidemiology of shigellosis, we conducted a review of the English-language scientific literature from 1984 to 2005, restricting the search to low and medium human development countries. Our review yielded 11 population-based studies of<jats:italic>Shigella<\/jats:italic>burden from seven countries. No population-based studies have been conducted in sub-Saharan Africa or in low human development countries. In studies done in all age groups,<jats:italic>Shigella<\/jats:italic>incidence varied from 0\u00b76 to 107 episodes\/1000 person-years.<jats:italic>S. flexneri<\/jats:italic>was the most commonly detected subgroup in the majority of studies. Case-fatality rates ranged from 0% to 2\u00b76% in population-based studies and from 0% to 21% in facility-based studies. This review highlights the large gaps in data on the burden of<jats:italic>Shigella<\/jats:italic>infections for low human development index countries and, more specifically, for sub-Saharan Africa.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0950268807009351","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,8,9]],"date-time":"2007-08-09T09:47:40Z","timestamp":1186652860000},"page":"577-603","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":77,"title":["Part II. 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