{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T06:57:07Z","timestamp":1777532227893,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,21]],"date-time":"2007-11-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1195603200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Epidemiol. Infect."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study examined the prevalence of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in pregnant women in Kinshasa, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). Between April and July 2004, antenatal attendees at two of the largest maternity clinics in Kinshasa were tested to identify HIV status, syphilis, <jats:italic>Chlamydia trachomatis<\/jats:italic> (CT) and <jats:italic>Neisseria gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic> (NG). HIV seroprevalence was 1\u00b79% in 2082 women. With PCR techniques, CT and NG infections were also uncommon in the first 529 women (1\u00b77% and 0\u00b74%, respectively). No active syphilis infection case was identified by Treponema pallidum haemagglutination assay (TPHA) and rapid plasma reagin test (RPR). A woman's risk of HIV infection was significantly associated with her reporting a male partner having had other female sexual partners (OR 2\u00b77, 95% CI 1\u00b72\u20136\u00b72). The continuing low seroprevalence of HIV in pregnant women from Kinshasa was confirmed. Understanding factors associated with this phenomenon could help prevent a future HIV epidemic in low HIV transmission areas in Africa.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0950268807009818","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,21]],"date-time":"2007-11-21T11:09:28Z","timestamp":1195643368000},"page":"1290-1296","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Low prevalence of HIV and other selected sexually transmitted infections in 2004 in pregnant women from Kinshasa, the Democratic Republic of the Congo"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"136","author":[{"given":"R.","family":"KINOSHITA-MOLEKA","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.\u00a0S.","family":"SMITH","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"ATIBU","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"TSHEFU","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"HEMINGWAY-FODAY","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"HOBBS","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"BARTZ","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.\u00a0A.","family":"KOCH","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.\u00a0W.","family":"RIMOIN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.\u00a0W.","family":"RYDER","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0950268807009818_ref006","first-page":"121","article-title":"HIV and AIDS: where is the epidemic going?","volume":"74","author":"Mertens","year":"1996","journal-title":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization"},{"key":"S0950268807009818_ref010","unstructured":"10.\u00a0U.S. Bureau of the Census. HIV\/AIDS Surveillance Data Base. Version 9\/2004 (http:\/\/www.census.gov\/ipc\/www\/hivaidsn.html). U.S. Bureau of the Census, Washington, DC. Accessed 21 October 2005."},{"key":"S0950268807009818_ref025","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.qai.0000159670.18326.94"},{"key":"S0950268807009818_ref024","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.OLQ.0000078820.62897.A6"},{"key":"S0950268807009818_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199406000-00014"},{"key":"S0950268807009818_ref027","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.qco.0000200293.45532.68"},{"key":"S0950268807009818_ref022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200010200-00018"},{"key":"S0950268807009818_ref026","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199706000-00002"},{"key":"S0950268807009818_ref001","unstructured":"1.\u00a0UNAIDS\/WHO. AIDS Epidemic Updates December 2005. (http:\/\/www.unaids.org\/epi\/2005\/doc\/report_pdf.asp). Accessed 25 March 2006."},{"key":"S0950268807009818_ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"2.\u00a0World Bank. World Development Report 1993. Investing Health. New York: Oxford University Press for the World Bank, June 1993.","DOI":"10.1596\/978-0-1952-0890-0"},{"key":"S0950268807009818_ref003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)16587-2"},{"key":"S0950268807009818_ref007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199808000-00013"},{"key":"S0950268807009818_ref008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)08823-2"},{"key":"S0950268807009818_ref009","unstructured":"9.\u00a0UNAIDS\/WHO. Epidemiological Fact Sheet\u00a0\u2013\u00a0Update on HIV and Sexually Transmitted Infections: Democratic Republic of the Congo, 2004 (http:\/\/www.who.int\/globalatlas\/predefinedReports\/EFS2004\/index.asp). Accessed 21 October 2005."},{"key":"S0950268807009818_ref012","unstructured":"12.\u00a0Ministry of Public Health, DRC. R\u00e9publique D\u00e9mocratique du Congo, Minist\u00e8re de la Sant\u00e9 Publique, Programme National de Lutte Contre le VIH\/SIDA et les ISTs (PNLS). Rapport du Passage de la Surveillance Sentinelle du VIH Chez les Femmes Enceintes Fr\u00e9quentant les Services de CPN: Mai 2003-Mai 2004. Kinshasa, RDC. June 2004."},{"key":"S0950268807009818_ref013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2005.03.030"},{"key":"S0950268807009818_ref015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/17.1.82"},{"key":"S0950268807009818_ref016","unstructured":"16.\u00a0Ministry of Public Health, DRC. R\u00e9publique D\u00e9mocratique du Congo Minist\u00e8re de la Sant\u00e9, Programme National de Lutte Contre le VIH\/SIDA et les ISTs (PNLS). Rapport du Passage de la Surveillance Sentinelle du VIH Chez les Femmes Enceintes Fr\u00e9quentant les Services de CPN: 2003\u20132004. June 2004."},{"key":"S0950268807009818_ref017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6601515"},{"key":"S0950268807009818_ref018","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200105040-00008"},{"key":"S0950268807009818_ref019","first-page":"104","article-title":"HIV and sexually transmitted diseases: lethal synergy","volume":"12","author":"Cohen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Topical HIV Medicine"},{"key":"S0950268807009818_ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"20.\u00a0 Sangai P , Rutherford G , Wilkinson D . Population-based interventions for reducing sexually transmitted infections, including HIV infection. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2004. Issue 2. 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Kinshasa, DRC; 2002, p. 87."},{"key":"S0950268807009818_ref014","first-page":"2101","article-title":"Multicentre study on factors determining differences in rate of spread of HIV in sub-Saharan Africa: methods and prevalence of HIV infection","volume":"16","author":"Buv\u00e9","year":"2002","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"S0950268807009818_ref011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200403260-00024"},{"key":"S0950268807009818_ref004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200012010-00014"}],"container-title":["Epidemiology and Infection"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0950268807009818","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,30]],"date-time":"2019-04-30T22:42:18Z","timestamp":1556664138000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0950268807009818\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,21]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S0950268807009818"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0950268807009818","relation":{},"ISSN":["0950-2688","1469-4409"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0950-2688","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-4409","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,21]]}}}