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Actions to limit water supply contamination by sheep have sometimes been severe, occasionally creating problems between farming and public health communities. Here our knowledge on these parasites in both sheep and goats is reviewed; although direct evidence of transmission to humans via water supply contamination is limited, the data accrued indicate that this is a real possibility. As cryptosporidiosis in sheep is generally more prevalent than giardiasis, and species\/genotypes of<jats:italic>Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic>infections in sheep are likely to be infectious to humans, this parasite may be considered the greater threat. Nevertheless, geographical variation in prevalence and genotypic distribution is extensive and as measures to limit sheep grazing can have a highly negative impact, it is important that cases are judged individually. If water contamination from a particular population of sheep\/goats is suspected, then suitable investigations should be instigated, investigating both prevalence and species\/genotype, before precautionary measures are imposed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0950268809002295","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,10]],"date-time":"2009-03-10T08:40:30Z","timestamp":1236674430000},"page":"913-921","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":102,"title":["<i>Giardia<\/i>and<i>Cryptosporidium<\/i>infections in sheep and goats: a review of the potential for transmission to humans via environmental contamination"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"137","author":[{"given":"L. 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