{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,5]],"date-time":"2025-06-05T05:24:57Z","timestamp":1749101097078},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,19]],"date-time":"2009-03-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1237420800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Epidemiol. Infect."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title><jats:p>We studied the age-specific population-based incidence of bacterial enteric infections caused by <jats:italic>Shigella<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Campylobacter<\/jats:italic>, in Jerusalem. During 1990\u20132008, 32 408 cases were reported (incidence rate 232\u00b71\/100 000 per annum). The patterns of <jats:italic>Shigella<\/jats:italic> (47\u00b74% of cases), <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic> (34\u00b74%) and <jats:italic>Campylobacter<\/jats:italic> (18\u00b72%) infections evolved noticeably. <jats:italic>Campylobacter<\/jats:italic> rates increased from 15\u00b70 to 110\u00b78\/100 000 per annum. <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic> rates increased from 74\u00b72 to 199\u00b76\/100 000 in 1995 then decreased to 39\u00b74\/100 000. <jats:italic>Shigella<\/jats:italic> showed an endemic\/epidemic pattern ranging between 19\u00b77 and 252\u00b78\/100 000. Most patients (75%) were aged &lt;15 years; children aged &lt;5 years comprised 56\u00b74% of cases, despite accounting for only 12\u00b79% of the population. <jats:italic>Campylobacter<\/jats:italic> was the predominant organism in infants aged &lt;1 year and <jats:italic>Shigella<\/jats:italic> in the 1\u20134 years group. The hospitalization rates were: <jats:italic>Shigella<\/jats:italic>, 1\u00b78%; <jats:italic>Campylobacter<\/jats:italic>, 2\u00b73%; <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>, 6\u00b79%. Infants were 2\u00b72 times more likely to be hospitalized than children aged 1\u201314 years (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=0\u00b7001). Household transmission occurred in 21\u00b72% of <jats:italic>Shigella<\/jats:italic> cases compared with 5% in the other bacteria.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s095026880900243x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,19]],"date-time":"2009-03-19T11:00:40Z","timestamp":1237460440000},"page":"1531-1537","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["The changing panorama of bacterial enteric infections"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"137","author":[{"given":"C.","family":"STEIN-ZAMIR","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"SHOOB","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"ABRAMSON","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"ZENTNER","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"V.","family":"AGMON","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"S095026880900243X_ref027","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268806006455"},{"key":"S095026880900243X_ref011","first-page":"285","article-title":"Rotavirus vaccines","volume":"82","year":"2007","journal-title":"Weekly Epidemiological Record"},{"key":"S095026880900243X_ref038","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2006\/806874"},{"key":"S095026880900243X_ref028","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0803.010233"},{"key":"S095026880900243X_ref022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/432064"},{"key":"S095026880900243X_ref010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/505874"},{"key":"S095026880900243X_ref033","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.qco.0000186851.33844.b2"},{"key":"S095026880900243X_ref024","first-page":"336","article-title":"Preliminary FoodNet data on the incidence of infection with pathogens transmitted commonly through food \u2013 10 states, 2006","volume":"56","year":"2007","journal-title":"Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report"},{"key":"S095026880900243X_ref005","unstructured":"5. Israel Center for Disease Control, Ministry of Health, Israel. Notifiable infectious diseases in Israel- 54 years of surveillance. Jerusalem, 2006 Publication No. 245."},{"key":"S095026880900243X_ref029","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268802006830"},{"key":"S095026880900243X_ref017","first-page":"50","article-title":"Case definitions for infectious conditions under public health surveillance","volume":"46","year":"1997","journal-title":"Morbidity Mortality Weekly Report. 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Choshen M (ed.). Population of Israel and Jerusalem by Population Group, 1922\u20132006. In: Statistical Yearbook of Jerusalem no. 22: 2006\/2007. Jerusalem 2008 (http:\/\/www.jiis.org.il\/). Accessed 31 January 2009."},{"key":"S095026880900243X_ref002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)68770-9"},{"key":"S095026880900243X_ref021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0188-4409(02)00379-X"},{"key":"S095026880900243X_ref037","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/pubmed\/fdm043"},{"key":"S095026880900243X_ref032","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268806006182"},{"key":"S095026880900243X_ref035","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2005.01200.x"},{"key":"S095026880900243X_ref015","first-page":"459","volume-title":"Manual of Clinical Microbiology","author":"Bopp","year":"1999"},{"key":"S095026880900243X_ref006","unstructured":"6. Weekly Epidemiological Reports. 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