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In total 1307 non-duplicate bloodstream isolates were made from all patients with haematological malignancy; 853 (65%) of these were from neutropenic patients. Gram-negative bacteria predominated (60%) in neutropenic isolates with <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic> (12%), <jats:italic>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> (10%), <jats:italic>Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-baumannii<\/jats:italic> complex (6%), and <jats:italic>Stenotrophomonas maltophilia<\/jats:italic> (6%) the most frequent. Coagulase-negative staphylococci (19%) and <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic> (4%) were the most common Gram-positive pathogens. Resistance to ciprofloxacin was found in 50% of <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> and 20% of <jats:italic>K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> isolates from neutropenic patients. Extensively drug-resistant <jats:italic>A. calcoaceticus-baumannii<\/jats:italic> complex and vancomycin-resistant enterococci were also found during the study period. Emerging antimicrobial resistant pathogens are an increasing threat to neutropenic cancer patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0950268809991208","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,27]],"date-time":"2009-11-27T20:26:04Z","timestamp":1259353564000},"page":"1044-1051","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":81,"title":["Epidemiology of bloodstream infections in patients with haematological malignancies with and without neutropenia"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"138","author":[{"given":"C.-Y.","family":"CHEN","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"W.","family":"TSAY","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.-L.","family":"TANG","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H.-F.","family":"TIEN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Y.-C.","family":"CHEN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.-C.","family":"CHANG","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P.-R.","family":"HSUEH","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0950268809991208_ref004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002770050306"},{"key":"S0950268809991208_ref033","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/322584"},{"key":"S0950268809991208_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.11882"},{"key":"S0950268809991208_ref013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-8049(01)00461-0"},{"key":"S0950268809991208_ref017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.22705"},{"key":"S0950268809991208_ref020","volume-title":"Performance standards for antimicrobial disk susceptibility tests; 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