{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T16:40:55Z","timestamp":1760028055814,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,5,18]],"date-time":"2010-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1274140800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Epidemiol. Infect."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title><jats:p>Risk factors for<jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>infection, the association and impact of<jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>seropositivity on abortions were investigated in cattle (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>=1291) reared in smallholder household herds (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>=203) from six geographical areas of Zimbabwe between September 2004 and 2005. Data on management, abortion and herd structure were collected. Sera were tested for<jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>antibodies using the Rose Bengal test and a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Data were analysed by generalized estimating equation and logistic regression models.<jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>antibodies were estimated at 5\u00b75% and 22\u00b79% for individual cattle and herds, respectively. Abortions were reported in 3\u00b72% of cows and 22\u00b70% herds. The age of cows and<jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>seropositivity predicted abortion. For herds,<jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>seropositivity, geographical area, purchase of cattle and large herd size were independently associated with increased odds of abortion. Exposure to<jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>had a significant impact on abortion. These results highlight the important risk factors for<jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>spp. infection in smallholder herds. Thus, brucellosis control programmes which take these factors into consideration will be beneficial.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0950268810000968","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,5,18]],"date-time":"2010-05-18T08:43:35Z","timestamp":1274172215000},"page":"157-164","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Risk factors for<i>Brucella<\/i>spp. infection in smallholder household herds"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"139","author":[{"given":"G.","family":"MATOPE","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"BHEBHE","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. B.","family":"MUMA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"LUND","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"SKJERVE","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,5,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0950268810000968_ref028","first-page":"9","article-title":"Diseases affecting domestic animals in communal lands in Manicaland","volume":"16","author":"Bryant","year":"1985","journal-title":"Zimbabwe Veterinary Journal"},{"key":"S0950268810000968_ref034","first-page":"131","volume-title":"Animal Brucellosis","author":"Crawford","year":"1990"},{"key":"S0950268810000968_ref006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2010.01.003"},{"key":"S0950268810000968_ref029","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5877(87)90016-X"},{"key":"S0950268810000968_ref025","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-5877(00)00108-2"},{"key":"S0950268810000968_ref003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1135(02)00249-3"},{"key":"S0950268810000968_ref018","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-0500-2-261"},{"key":"S0950268810000968_ref035","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-5877(01)00251-3"},{"key":"S0950268810000968_ref030","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1135(02)00367-X"},{"key":"S0950268810000968_ref013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1135(99)00122-4"},{"key":"S0950268810000968_ref010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-2427(94)05361-U"},{"key":"S0950268810000968_ref031","first-page":"145","article-title":"Epidemiology and epizootology of brucellosis: a review","volume":"27","author":"Gul","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pakistan Veterinary Journal"},{"key":"S0950268810000968_ref019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-706X(00)00088-7"},{"key":"S0950268810000968_ref033","first-page":"11","volume-title":"Bovine Brucellosis: An International Symposium","author":"Cunningham","year":"1977"},{"key":"S0950268810000968_ref022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-5877(00)00136-7"},{"key":"S0950268810000968_ref009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5877(95)00513-7"},{"key":"S0950268810000968_ref007","first-page":"27","volume-title":"Veterinary Epidemiologic Research","author":"Dohoo","year":"2003"},{"key":"S0950268810000968_ref015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-006-4320-9"},{"key":"S0950268810000968_ref011","unstructured":"11. Alton G , Techniques for the brucellosis laboratory. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Paris, France, 1988, pp. 81\u2013134."},{"key":"S0950268810000968_ref002","first-page":"409","volume-title":"Manual of the Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestial Animals","volume":"1","year":"2004"},{"key":"S0950268810000968_ref023","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-5877(99)00020-3"},{"key":"S0950268810000968_ref014","first-page":"303","volume-title":"Veterinary Epidemiology","author":"Thrusfield","year":"2005"},{"key":"S0950268810000968_ref032","first-page":"197","volume-title":"An Introduction to Animal Husbandry in the Tropics","author":"Payne","year":"1990"},{"key":"S0950268810000968_ref024","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1020051807594"},{"key":"S0950268810000968_ref021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2003.08.004"},{"key":"S0950268810000968_ref004","unstructured":"4. Anon. Annual Census Report for 2001. Department of Veterinary Services, Harare, Zimbabwe, 2001."},{"key":"S0950268810000968_ref005","first-page":"133","article-title":"The current status of brucellosis in Zimbabwe","volume":"20","author":"Madsen","year":"1989","journal-title":"Zimbabwe Veterinary Journal"},{"key":"S0950268810000968_ref027","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2007.03.003"},{"key":"S0950268810000968_ref026","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-5877(00)00152-5"},{"key":"S0950268810000968_ref016","first-page":"47","article-title":"Brucellosis surveillance and control in Zimbabwe: bacteriological and serological investigation in dairy herds","volume":"63","author":"Mohan","year":"1996","journal-title":"Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research"},{"key":"S0950268810000968_ref020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268896007005"},{"key":"S0950268810000968_ref017","first-page":"42","article-title":"Investigation of infectious infertility and abortion of cattle","volume":"6","author":"Swanepoel","year":"1975","journal-title":"Rhodesia (Zimbabwe) Veterinary Journal"},{"key":"S0950268810000968_ref012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2003.12.010"},{"key":"S0950268810000968_ref001","first-page":"1053","volume-title":"Infectious Diseases of Livestock with Special Reference to Southern Africa II","author":"Bishop","year":"1994"},{"key":"S0950268810000968_ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1557","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1984.45.08.1557","article-title":"Epidemiology of bovine brucellosis in the Mexicali Valley: literature review of disease-associated factors","volume":"45","author":"Salman","year":"1984","journal-title":"American Journal of Veterinary Research"},{"volume-title":"Herdacc: a programme for calculating herd level (aggregate) sensitivity and specificity","year":"1995","author":"Jordan","key":"S0950268810000968_ref008"}],"container-title":["Epidemiology and Infection"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0950268810000968","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,20]],"date-time":"2025-02-20T22:49:24Z","timestamp":1740091764000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0950268810000968\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,5,18]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0950268810000968"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0950268810000968","relation":{},"ISSN":["0950-2688","1469-4409"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0950-2688"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1469-4409"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,5,18]]}}}