{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T05:36:25Z","timestamp":1783488985813,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,27]],"date-time":"2011-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1317081600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Epidemiol. Infect."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title><jats:p>In order to characterize the association between county-level risk factors and the incidence of <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic> in the 2007 Iowa outbreak, we used generalized linear mixed models with the number of <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic> cases per county as the dependent variable. We employed a spatial power covariance structure, which assumed that the correlation between the numbers of cases in any two counties decreases as the distance between them increases. County population size was included in the model to adjust for population differences. Independent variables included the number of pools in specific pool categories (large, small, spa, wading, waterslide) and pool-owner classes (apartment, camp, country club or health club, hotel, municipal, school, other) as well as the proportion of residents aged &lt;5 years. We found that increases in the number of bigger pools, pools with more heterogeneous mixing (municipal pools <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>. country club or apartment pools), and pools catering to young children (wading pools) are associated with more cases at the county level.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0950268811000987","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,27]],"date-time":"2011-09-27T10:38:43Z","timestamp":1317119923000},"page":"1439-1445","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["A statewide outbreak of <i>Cryptosporidium<\/i> and its association with the distribution of public swimming pools"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"140","author":[{"given":"P. M.","family":"POLGREEN","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. D.","family":"SPARKS","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. A.","family":"POLGREEN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"YANG","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. L.","family":"HARRIS","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. A.","family":"PENTELLA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. E.","family":"CAVANAUGH","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0950268811000987_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.12.4.554","article-title":"New insights into human cryptosporidiosis","volume":"12","author":"Clark","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clinical Microbiology Reviews"},{"key":"S0950268811000987_ref016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1994.03520200053035"},{"key":"S0950268811000987_ref008","first-page":"615","article-title":"Outbreak of cryptosporidiosis associated with a splash park \u2013 Idaho, 2007","volume":"58","year":"2009","journal-title":"Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report"},{"key":"S0950268811000987_ref019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268809002842"},{"key":"S0950268811000987_ref007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2009.09.020"},{"key":"S0950268811000987_ref002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1007.030582"},{"key":"S0950268811000987_ref011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268809002696"},{"key":"S0950268811000987_ref018","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198612253152604"},{"key":"S0950268811000987_ref006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.15.1.145-154.2002"},{"key":"S0950268811000987_ref020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.42.7.2944-2951.2004"},{"key":"S0950268811000987_ref023","unstructured":"23. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Cryptosporidiosis outbreak response and evaluation, 5 June 2009 (http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/crypto\/pdfs\/core_guidelines.pdf). Accessed 17 December 2009."},{"key":"S0950268811000987_ref021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4899-3242-6"},{"key":"S0950268811000987_ref013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268805004619"},{"key":"S0950268811000987_ref010","first-page":"729","article-title":"Cryptosporidiosis outbreaks associated with recreational water use \u2013 five states, 2006","volume":"56","year":"2007","journal-title":"Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report"},{"key":"S0950268811000987_ref014","first-page":"406","article-title":"Protracted outbreaks of cryptosporidiosis associated with swimming pool use \u2013 Ohio and Nebraska, 2000","volume":"50","year":"2001","journal-title":"Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report"},{"key":"S0950268811000987_ref012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00365540410021072"},{"key":"S0950268811000987_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1999.60.157"},{"key":"S0950268811000987_ref015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.82.5.742"},{"key":"S0950268811000987_ref017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0043-1354(01)00119-1"},{"key":"S0950268811000987_ref022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.161.9.878"},{"key":"S0950268811000987_ref024","unstructured":"24. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Hyperchlorination to kill Cryptosporidium. 1 August 2008 (http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/healthyswimming\/pdf\/Hyperchlorination_to_kill_Cryptosporidium.pdf). Accessed 17 December 2009."},{"key":"S0950268811000987_ref025","first-page":"i","article-title":"CDC says there are ways to reduce enteric pathogen transmission in swimming pools","volume":"33","author":"Kaye","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clinical Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"S0950268811000987_ref004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra013170"},{"key":"S0950268811000987_ref009","first-page":"1","article-title":"Surveillance for waterborne-disease outbreaks \u2013 United States, 1997\u20131998","volume":"49","author":"Barwick","year":"2000","journal-title":"Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (CDC Surveillance Summary)"},{"key":"S0950268811000987_ref003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/422649"}],"container-title":["Epidemiology and Infection"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0950268811000987","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,25]],"date-time":"2019-04-25T19:19:22Z","timestamp":1556219962000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0950268811000987\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,27]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S0950268811000987"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0950268811000987","relation":{},"ISSN":["0950-2688","1469-4409"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0950-2688","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-4409","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,27]]}}}