{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T07:30:17Z","timestamp":1774942217423,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,29]],"date-time":"2011-11-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1322524800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Epidemiol. Infect."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title><jats:p>Unprecedented high rates of anthrax outbreaks have been observed recently in cattle and humans in Bangladesh, with 607 human cases in 2010. By enrolling 15 case and 15 control cattle smallholdings in the spatial zone in July\u2013September 2010, we conducted a case-control study, data of which were analysed by matched-pair analysis and multivariable conditional logistic regression. Feeding animals with uprooted and unwashed grass [odds ratio (OR) 41\u00b72, 95% confidence interval (CI) 3\u00b77\u2013458\u00b78, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=0\u00b7003], and feeding water hyacinth (<jats:italic>Eichhornia crassipes<\/jats:italic>) (OR 22\u00b72, 95% CI 1\u00b72\u2013418\u00b77, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=0\u00b7039) were independent risk factors for anthrax in cattle.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0950268811002408","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,30]],"date-time":"2011-11-30T03:27:09Z","timestamp":1322623629000},"page":"1888-1895","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Risk factors associated with anthrax in cattle on smallholdings"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"140","author":[{"given":"P. K.","family":"BISWAS","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M. Z.","family":"ISLAM","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S. K.","family":"SHIL","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R. K.","family":"CHAKRABORTY","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S. S. U.","family":"AHMED","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. P.","family":"CHRISTENSEN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0950268811002408_ref011","first-page":"83","article-title":"Severe anthrax outbreaks in Italy in 2004: considerations on factors involved in the spread of infection","volume":"33","author":"Fasanella","year":"2010","journal-title":"New Microbiologica"},{"key":"S0950268811002408_ref002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0810.020223"},{"key":"S0950268811002408_ref013","unstructured":"13. World Organization for Animal Health (OIE). World Animal Health information database (WAHID) Interface (http:\/\/web.oie.int\/wahis\/public.php?page=home), Paris, 2011. Accessed 23 August 2011."},{"key":"S0950268811002408_ref021","first-page":"768","volume-title":"Meat Hygiene","author":"Gracey","year":"1999"},{"key":"S0950268811002408_ref016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1503.080972"},{"key":"S0950268811002408_ref015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0378-6323.13994"},{"key":"S0950268811002408_ref024","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1739.2003.01740.x"},{"key":"S0950268811002408_ref017","first-page":"1","article-title":"Cutaneous anthrax outbreaks in two districts of North-Western Bangladesh, August\u2013October, 2009","volume":"7","year":"2009","journal-title":"Health and Science Bulletin"},{"key":"S0950268811002408_ref004","first-page":"135","volume-title":"The Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals","year":"2008"},{"key":"S0950268811002408_ref008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0810.010509"},{"key":"S0950268811002408_ref023","first-page":"365","article-title":"Status of vultures in Keoladeo National Park, Bharatpur, Rajasthan, with special reference to population crash in Gyps species","volume":"96","author":"Prakash","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society"},{"key":"S0950268811002408_ref003","unstructured":"3. Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations. Anthrax in animals (http:\/\/www.fao.org\/ag\/magazine\/0112sp.htm), Rome, 2001. Accessed 5 December 2010."},{"key":"S0950268811002408_ref007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2672.1999.00867.x"},{"key":"S0950268811002408_ref009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/003335490812300315"},{"key":"S0950268811002408_ref026","unstructured":"26. International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR,B). Combined team of ICDDR,B and government of Bangladesh investigators reveal dynamics of anthrax outbreaks in Bangladesh during 2009\u20132010 (http:\/\/www.icddrb.org\/media-centre\/news\/2203-combined-team), Dhaka, 2010. Accessed 25 August 2011."},{"key":"S0950268811002408_ref018","unstructured":"18. Institute of Epidemiology, Disease Control & Research (IEDCR) & National Influenza Centre (NIC), Bangladesh. Anthrax update on 28 October 2010 (http:\/\/www.iedcr.org\/images\/Healthmessages\/Anthrax_Update_last.pdf), Dhaka, 2010. Accessed 30 November 2010."},{"key":"S0950268811002408_ref014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/tropej\/48.4.225"},{"key":"S0950268811002408_ref022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.72.5.3168-3174.2006"},{"key":"S0950268811002408_ref010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1505.081744"},{"key":"S0950268811002408_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1605.091427"},{"key":"S0950268811002408_ref006","first-page":"71","article-title":"Ecology and epidemiology of anthrax in the Etosha National Park, Namibia","volume":"61","author":"Lindeque","year":"1994","journal-title":"Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research"},{"key":"S0950268811002408_ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.3923\/ijds.2010.245.252","article-title":"A review on cattle reproduction in Bangladesh","volume":"5","author":"Kamal","year":"2010","journal-title":"International Journal of Dairy Science"},{"key":"S0950268811002408_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0966-842X(99)01507-3"},{"key":"S0950268811002408_ref019","unstructured":"19. Institute of Epidemiology, Disease Control & Research (IEDCR) & National Influenza Centre (NIC), Bangladesh. Anthrax clinical guideline \u2013 guideline for management of cutaneous anthrax \u2013 case definition (http:\/\/www.iedcr.org\/images\/Healthmessages\/Anthrax_Clinical%20guideline.pdf), Dhaka, 2010. Accessed 30 November 2010."},{"key":"S0950268811002408_ref025","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02317"},{"key":"S0950268811002408_ref012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1751-0147-52-7"}],"container-title":["Epidemiology and Infection"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0950268811002408","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,24]],"date-time":"2019-04-24T18:48:37Z","timestamp":1556131717000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0950268811002408\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,29]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S0950268811002408"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0950268811002408","relation":{},"ISSN":["0950-2688","1469-4409"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0950-2688","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-4409","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,29]]}}}