{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,2]],"date-time":"2026-11-02T00:32:46Z","timestamp":1793579566839,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,9]],"date-time":"2014-01-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1389225600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epidemiol. Infect."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    We studied the timing of occurrence of 1676 sporadic, community-acquired cases of Legionnaires' disease in England and Wales between 1993 and 2008, in relation to temperature, relative humidity, rainfall, windspeed and ultraviolet light using a fixed-stratum case-crossover approach. The analysis was conducted using conditional logistic regression, with consideration of appropriate lag periods. There was evidence of an association between the risk of Legionnaires' disease and temperature with an apparently long time lag of 1\u20139 weeks [odds of disease at 95th\n                    <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>\n                    . 75th centiles: 3\u00b791, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2\u00b706\u20137\u00b740], and with rainfall at short time lags (of 2\u201310 days) (odds of disease at 75th\n                    <jats:italic>vs.<\/jats:italic>\n                    50th centiles: 1\u00b778, 95% CI 1\u00b750\u20132\u00b713). There was some evidence that the risk of disease in relation to high temperatures was greater at high relative humidities. A higher risk of Legionnaires' disease may be indicated by preceding periods of warmer wetter weather.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0950268813003294","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,9]],"date-time":"2014-01-09T08:38:45Z","timestamp":1389256725000},"page":"2352-2359","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["The relationship between meteorological variables and sporadic cases of Legionnaires' disease in residents of England and Wales"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"142","author":[{"given":"K. D.","family":"HALSBY","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. A.","family":"JOSEPH","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. V.","family":"LEE","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"WILKINSON","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0950268813003294_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022172400029090"},{"key":"S0950268813003294_ref25","article-title":"National increase in cases of Legionnaires' disease","volume":"16","year":"2006","journal-title":"CDR Weekly"},{"key":"S0950268813003294_ref26","article-title":"Unexplained summer increase in non-travel related legionellosis in the UK and Netherlands","volume":"11","author":"Joseph","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eurosurveillance"},{"key":"S0950268813003294_ref20","unstructured":"StataCorp. Stata v. 9. Stata Corporation, College Station, Texas, USA, 2010."},{"key":"S0950268813003294_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/498248"},{"key":"S0950268813003294_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(85)92896-X"},{"key":"S0950268813003294_ref24","unstructured":"Met Office. Met Office Surface Data Users Guide (http:\/\/badc.nerc.ac.uk\/data\/ukmo-midas\/ukmo_guide.html#5\u00b75). Acessed 14 September 2010."},{"key":"S0950268813003294_ref15","first-page":"681","article-title":"Report from the PHLS Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre","volume":"293","year":"1986","journal-title":"British Medical Journal"},{"key":"S0950268813003294_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S095026880800099X"},{"key":"S0950268813003294_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/141.5.689"},{"key":"S0950268813003294_ref3","unstructured":"Committee of Inquiry. First report of the Committee of Inquiry into the outbreak of legionnaires' disease in Stafford in April 1985. 1986."},{"key":"S0950268813003294_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.41.1.9-16.1981","article-title":"Ecological distribution of Legionella pneumophila","volume":"41","author":"Fliermans","year":"1981","journal-title":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology"},{"key":"S0950268813003294_ref14","first-page":"202","article-title":"Legionnaires' disease in Reading\u00a0\u2013\u00a0possible association with a cooling tower","volume":"7","author":"Anderson","year":"1985","journal-title":"Community Medicine"},{"key":"S0950268813003294_ref18","unstructured":"British Atmospheric Data Centre. (http:\/\/badc.nerc.ac.uk\/home\/index.html). Accessed 14 September 2010."},{"key":"S0950268813003294_ref4","unstructured":"EWGLI. European Guidelines for Control and Prevention of Travel Associated Legionnaires' Disease, 2002."},{"key":"S0950268813003294_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-008-0603-6"},{"key":"S0950268813003294_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2807\/esm.12.03.00691-en","article-title":"Community outbreak of Legionnaires' disease in Vic-Gurb, Spain in October and November 2005","volume":"12","author":"Sala","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eurosurveillance"},{"key":"S0950268813003294_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2807\/ese.15.08.19493-en","article-title":"Legionnaires' disease in Europe 2007\u20132008","volume":"15","author":"Joseph","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eurosurveillance"},{"key":"S0950268813003294_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00185888"},{"key":"S0950268813003294_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.10021"},{"key":"S0950268813003294_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2672.1988.tb01501.x"},{"key":"S0950268813003294_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S095026880800157X"},{"key":"S0950268813003294_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268806007552"},{"key":"S0950268813003294_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S095026881200101X"},{"key":"S0950268813003294_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00248-009-9514-z"},{"key":"S0950268813003294_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.38.2.347-348.1979","article-title":"Susceptibility of Legionella pneumophila to ultraviolet radiation","volume":"38","author":"Antopol","year":"1979","journal-title":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology"},{"key":"S0950268813003294_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2012-002428"},{"key":"S0950268813003294_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/138.4.512"}],"container-title":["Epidemiology and Infection"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0950268813003294","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,13]],"date-time":"2020-08-13T14:52:16Z","timestamp":1597330336000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0950268813003294\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,9]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S0950268813003294"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0950268813003294","relation":{},"ISSN":["0950-2688","1469-4409"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0950-2688","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-4409","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 Cambridge University Press 2014\u00a0","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}}]}}