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We reviewed the literature (both PubMed and \u2018grey\u2019 literature) about the prevalence of strongyloidiasis in Latin America, an area of presumable high endemicity. There were finally 88 papers involved in the analysis, covering the period between 1981 and 2011. Studies were heterogeneous in several aspects, such as the populations screened and the diagnostic methods used. Most of the studies relied on direct coproparasitological examination, which has low sensitivity for the detection of<jats:italic>S. stercoralis<\/jats:italic>larvae. The following countries presented areas of high prevalence (&gt;20%): Argentina, Ecuador, Venezuela, Peru and Brazil. Globally, for most of the included countries it was not possible to define reliable data because of paucity and\/or inadequacy of studies.<jats:italic>S. stercoralis<\/jats:italic>requires specific diagnostic methods for its detection; therefore, surveys should be specifically designed in order to avoid underestimation of the infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0950268814001563","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,3]],"date-time":"2014-07-03T10:01:15Z","timestamp":1404381675000},"page":"452-460","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":65,"title":["Prevalence of strongyloidiasis in Latin America: a systematic review of the literature"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"143","author":[{"given":"D.","family":"BUONFRATE","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. 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