{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,3]],"date-time":"2025-09-03T11:05:08Z","timestamp":1756897508228},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,1]],"date-time":"2014-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1417392000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epidemiol. Infect."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aims of this study were to identify<jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>nasal colonization prevalence, behavioural risk factors, and to determine staphylococcal protein A (<jats:italic>spa<\/jats:italic>) types in community-based injection drug users (IDUs). Nasal swabs were collected and methicillin susceptibility testing and<jats:italic>spa<\/jats:italic>\/SCC<jats:italic>mec<\/jats:italic>typing were performed on<jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>isolates. Generalized estimating equations were used to report adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Of the 440 participants, 24\u00b71% were colonized and 5\u00b77% had methicillin-resistant<jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>(MRSA). Colonization was associated with age, employment\/marital status, and the presence of scabs but not with sexually transmitted disease co-infection, HIV status, antibiotic use, hospitalization, or drug treatment programme participation. The USA300 MRSA clone<jats:italic>spa<\/jats:italic>types were most common, but 15\/49<jats:italic>spa<\/jats:italic>types were new to one of the international databases. Community-based IDUs appear to have different risk factors compared to IDUs from clinical studies. In addition, the number of newly identified<jats:italic>spa<\/jats:italic>types indicates a diverse, understudied population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0950268814003227","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,1]],"date-time":"2014-12-01T14:50:29Z","timestamp":1417445429000},"page":"2430-2439","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Prevalence and behavioural risk factors of<i>Staphylococcus aureus<\/i>nasal colonization in community-based injection drug users"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"143","author":[{"given":"N. S.","family":"LEUNG","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"PADGETT","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D. A.","family":"ROBINSON","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E. 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