{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T19:02:33Z","timestamp":1792436553937,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,26]],"date-time":"2015-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1435276800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epidemiol. Infect."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title><jats:p>As indicated by the sporadic Japanese encephalitis (JE) cases reported from the districts of Uttar Pradesh (UP), India, the disease is endemic in the state despite the fact that a JE vaccination programme has been ongoing in the state since 2006. Hence, the present study was undertaken to study the annual trend of JE in UP during January 2011 to December 2013. CSF and\/or serum samples collected from acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) cases were referred to the virology laboratory at King George's Medical University, Lucknow and were tested for anti-JEV IgM antibodies by JEV MAC-ELISA kit. The study reveals that 26\u00b79%, 9\u00b79% and 14\u00b78% of AES cases were positive for anti-JEV IgM in the years 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively. Of the total JE confirmed cases, 30% were adults. Males were more commonly affected than females. A distinct peak of JE was seen in the monsoon and post-monsoon season, although sporadic cases were also reported in other months. JE vaccination by district in UP is discussed. This study reports that the proportion of JE positives in AES cases is decreasing in UP although the number of AES cases has not decreased. The study also discusses the probable causes of this decrease, including JE vaccination and natural periodicity due to herd immunity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0950268815000928","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,26]],"date-time":"2015-06-26T09:26:00Z","timestamp":1435310760000},"page":"363-370","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Trend of Japanese encephalitis in Uttar Pradesh, India from 2011 to 2013"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"144","author":[{"given":"P.","family":"JAIN","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. K.","family":"SINGH","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D. N.","family":"KHAN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"PANDEY","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"KUMAR","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"GARG","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"JAIN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0950268815000928_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cis883"},{"key":"S0950268815000928_ref9","first-page":"31","article-title":"Comparison of IgM capture ELISA with a commercial rapid immunochromatographic card test and IgM microwell ELISA for the detection of antibodies to dengue viruses","volume":"115","author":"Sathish","year":"2002","journal-title":"Indian Journal of Medical Research"},{"key":"S0950268815000928_ref25","first-page":"104","article-title":"A long-term study on vector abundance and seasonal prevalence in relation to the occurrence of Japanese encephalitis in Gorakhpur district, Uttar Pradesh","volume":"117","author":"Kanojia","year":"2003","journal-title":"Indian Journal of Medical Research"},{"key":"S0950268815000928_ref22","first-page":"26","article-title":"The effects of climatic factors on the distribution and abundance of Japanese encephalitis vectors in Kurnool district of Andhra Pradesh, India","volume":"47","author":"Murty","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Vector Borne Disease"},{"key":"S0950268815000928_ref10","unstructured":"Fourth Biregional Meeting on the Control of Japanese Encephalitis (JE). Report of the Meeting Bangkok, Thailand, 7\u20138 June 2009. World Health Organization. Regional Office for South-East Asia (http:\/\/www.wpro.who.int\/immunization\/documents\/docs\/JEBiregionalMeetingJune2009final.pdf). Accessed 15 November 2014."},{"key":"S0950268815000928_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001678"},{"key":"S0950268815000928_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1909.121855"},{"key":"S0950268815000928_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/2224-3151.207040"},{"key":"S0950268815000928_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7883\/yoken.67.197"},{"key":"S0950268815000928_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02724120"},{"key":"S0950268815000928_ref11","unstructured":"Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. NHM Health management information system (HMIS) portal (https:\/\/nrhm-mis.nic.in)."},{"key":"S0950268815000928_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.10.085233"},{"key":"S0950268815000928_ref7","unstructured":"Operational Guide for Japanese Encephalitis Vaccination in India. Immunization Division, Department of Family Welfare, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare Government of India. November 2007 (http:\/\/www.iapcoi.com\/hp\/Dec%2025th\/Guidelines-Japanese-Encephalitis,%20MoHFW,%20September%202010%5B2%5D.pdf)."},{"key":"S0950268815000928_ref8","unstructured":"Japanese encephalitis surveillance standards. From WHO-recommended standards for surveillance of selected vaccine-preventable diseases (updated January 2006) (http:\/\/www.path.org\/files\/WHO_surveillance_standards_JE.pdf)"},{"key":"S0950268815000928_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02752357"},{"key":"S0950268815000928_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.7883\/yoken.JJID.2008.333","article-title":"Vaccine preventable diseases surveillance program of Japan, et al. Japanese encephalitis: surveillance and elimination effort in Japan from 1982 to 2004","volume":"61","author":"Arai","year":"2008","journal-title":"Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"S0950268815000928_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.4103\/2224-3151.206879","article-title":"Current status of dengue and chikungunya in India","volume":"3","author":"Cecilia","year":"2014","journal-title":"WHO South-East Asia Journal of Public Health"},{"key":"S0950268815000928_ref19","unstructured":"Anuradha SK , Japanese encephalitis virus \u2013 common cause of viral encephalitis in paediatric age group in Bellary, Karnataka, India (www.jcdr.net)."},{"key":"S0950268815000928_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1959.8.651"},{"key":"S0950268815000928_ref14","first-page":"175","article-title":"Cross-reactivity of human monoclonal antibodies generated with peripheral blood lymphocytes from dengue patients with Japanese encephalitis virus","volume":"7","author":"Pipattanaboon","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biologics"},{"key":"S0950268815000928_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3855\/jidc.470"},{"key":"S0950268815000928_ref17","first-page":"211","article-title":"Seroprevalence of Japanese encephalitis virus infection in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh","volume":"124","author":"Roy","year":"2006","journal-title":"Indian Journal of Medical Research"},{"key":"S0950268815000928_ref4","unstructured":"Directorate of National Vector Borne Diseases Control Programme. Guidelines for surveillance of acute encephalitis syndrome (with special reference to Japanese encephalitis) (http:\/\/www.nvbdcp.gov.in\/Doc\/AES%20guidelines.pdf). Accessed 2 March 2014."},{"key":"S0950268815000928_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bandyopadhyay B , Incidence of Japanese encephalitis among acute encephalitis syndrome cases in West Bengal, India. Biomedical Research International 2013. Article ID 896749, 5 pp. doi: 10.1155\/2013\/896749.","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/896749"},{"key":"S0950268815000928_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000437"}],"container-title":["Epidemiology and Infection"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0950268815000928","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,11]],"date-time":"2023-08-11T20:17:21Z","timestamp":1691785041000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0950268815000928\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,26]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0950268815000928"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0950268815000928","relation":{},"ISSN":["0950-2688","1469-4409"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0950-2688","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-4409","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 Cambridge University Press 2015\u00a0","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}}]}}