{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T22:54:40Z","timestamp":1788216880330,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,13]],"date-time":"2016-05-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1463097600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epidemiol. Infect."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title><jats:p>Chlamydiae are frequently encountered intracellular Gram-negative bacteria. In pigs, these bacteria in combination with other pathogens contribute to the induction of a multi-aetiological syndrome. One of the major characteristics of<jats:italic>Chlamydia<\/jats:italic>spp. is their ability to cause prolonged, often subclinical infections. While the economic consequences of<jats:italic>Chlamydia<\/jats:italic>spp. infections in pig farms are not fully established, we know that reproductive disorders and other syndromes correlated with<jats:italic>Chlamydia<\/jats:italic>infection can lead to financial loss as a result of a reduction in pork production. Additionally,<jats:italic>Chlamydia<\/jats:italic>spp. presents a potential zoonotic hazard, therefore determining the prevalence of<jats:italic>Chlamydia<\/jats:italic>in pig populations is critical. In the present study 97 pig herds from Poland were involved. To determine the prevalence of<jats:italic>Chlamydia<\/jats:italic>PCR and CFT tests were used. In total 797 vaginal samples, 797 conjunctival samples, and 235 serum samples were collected and tested. The study took place from 2011 to 2014. We found<jats:italic>Chlamydia<\/jats:italic>spp. present in 71\u00b72% of all tested farms. The percentage of animals testing positive on any given farm varied from 20% to 100%.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0950268816000868","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,13]],"date-time":"2016-05-13T08:03:26Z","timestamp":1463126606000},"page":"2578-2586","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["<i>Chlamydia<\/i>prevalence in Polish pig herds"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"144","author":[{"given":"K.","family":"RYPU\u0141A","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"KUMALA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"P\u0141ONECZKA-JANECZKO","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"KARUGA-KU\u0179NIEWSKA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"DUDEK","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"CHORBI\u0143SKI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0950268816000868_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1864","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.066555-0","article-title":"Seroprevalence of Chlamydia infection in pigs in Jiangxi province, South-Eastern China","volume":"62","author":"Jiang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Microbiology"},{"key":"S0950268816000868_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.151.1.420-428.1982","article-title":"Chlamydia trachomatis has penicillin-binding proteins but not detectable muramic acid","volume":"151","author":"Barbour","year":"1982","journal-title":"Journal of Bacteriology"},{"key":"S0950268816000868_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1143","DOI":"10.3923\/javaa.2010.1143.1145","article-title":"Seroprevalence of Chlamydia infection in pigs from intensive farms in Southern China","volume":"9","author":"Xu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances"},{"key":"S0950268816000868_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0096704","article-title":"Development and validation of a real-time PCR for Chlamydia suis diagnosis in swine and humans","volume":"9","author":"De Puysseleyr","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"S0950268816000868_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.146.1.21","article-title":"Intestinal chlamydial infection concurrent with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome in pigs","volume":"146","author":"Carrasco","year":"2000","journal-title":"Veterinary Record"},{"key":"S0950268816000868_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9975(66)90064-8","article-title":"A survey of pig sera for the presence of antibodies to the psittacosis-lymphogranuloma-venereum group of organisms","volume":"76","author":"Wilson","year":"1966","journal-title":"Journal of Comparative Pathology"},{"key":"S0950268816000868_ref38","unstructured":"Gniot, M , Karpi\u0144ska, E . 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Statistical Office, Poznan, 2014."},{"key":"S0950268816000868_ref15","first-page":"660","article-title":"Chlamydial infections accompanying pathological syndromes in swine","volume":"85","author":"Truszczy\u0144ski","year":"2010","journal-title":"\u017bycie Weterynaryjne"},{"key":"S0950268816000868_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-014-0225-4","article-title":"Novel locked nucleic acid (LNA)-based probe for the rapid identification of Chlamydia suis using real-time PCR","volume":"10","author":"Lis","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Veterinary Research"},{"key":"S0950268816000868_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1997.58.03.260","article-title":"Prevalence of intestinal chlamydial infection in pigs in the midwest, as determined by immunoperoxidase staining","volume":"58","author":"Nietfeld","year":"1997","journal-title":"American Journal of Veterinary Research"},{"key":"S0950268816000868_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2009.03.014","article-title":"Zoonotic potential of Chlamydophila","volume":"140","author":"Rodolakis","year":"2010","journal-title":"Veterinary Microbiology"},{"key":"S0950268816000868_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0442.2007.00963.x","article-title":"Intensively kept pigs pre-disposed to chlamydial associated conjunctivitis","volume":"54","author":"Becker","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series A: Physiology, Pathology, Clinical Medicine"},{"key":"S0950268816000868_ref16","unstructured":"Dors, A . Impact of organization and management on production results, health status and the occurrence and spread of bacterial infections of the gastrointestinal tract in swine herds (dissertation). 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Cambridge University Press 2016\u00a0This is a work of the U.S. Government and is not subject to copyright protection in the United States.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}}]}}