{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]],"date-time":"2025-10-06T06:07:26Z","timestamp":1759730846451},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,8]],"date-time":"2016-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1467936000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epidemiol. Infect."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prevention of Shiga toxin-producing<jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>(STEC) foodborne outbreaks is hampered by its complex epidemiology. We assessed the distribution of virulence genes (VGs), main serogroups\/serotypes for public health [haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS)-related], antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiles and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) patterns in a collection of STEC isolates obtained from cattle hide (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>= 149) and faecal (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>= 406) samples collected during a national survey conducted in Spain in 2011 and 2013. Isolates were cultured using McConkey and CT-SMAC agar after enrichment, and confirmed as STEC by PCR. STEC prevalence in hides (15\u00b74%) was higher than in faeces (10\u00b77%) and O157:H7 was more frequent in the former (2\u00b77%<jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>. 0\u00b799%). Non-O157 HUS-related serogroups were present albeit at low frequencies. The non-O157 isolates were more heterogeneous than O157:H7 in their VG patterns, with 25\/64 presenting VGs from both STEC and enterotoxigenic pathotypes (hybrid isolates). Of the STEC isolates, 62\u00b75% were resistant at least to one antimicrobial, and no differences in AMR between O157:H7 and non-O157 were detected. All isolates had different profiles by PFGE and did not form a cluster. Overall, our results demonstrated that STEC in the cattle reservoir is still a matter of concern for human health due to the presence of HUS-related serogroups, the occurrence of certain VGs, AMR and the additional risks that hybrid isolates may pose, and thus warrants further investigation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0950268816001370","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,8]],"date-time":"2016-07-08T11:10:34Z","timestamp":1467976234000},"page":"2956-2966","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Molecular characterization and antimicrobial resistance of STEC strains isolated from healthy cattle in 2011 and 2013 in Spain"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"144","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"CABAL","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M. 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