{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T03:23:04Z","timestamp":1768879384838,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,21]],"date-time":"2016-11-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1479686400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epidemiol. Infect."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title><jats:p>In individuals with latent tuberculosis (TB) infection, those living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) had a 20\u201337 times higher risk of developing active TB compared to those without HIV infection. Systematic testing and treatment of latent TB infection are priorities in HIV-infected persons. In China, the prevalence of HIV infection in men who have sex with men (MSM) has gradually increased in the past decade. However, the prevalence of TB infection has been studied sparsely in HIV-infected MSM. Hence, we conducted a pilot study in MSM living with HIV infection in Xi'an city to evaluate TB infection status by means of interferon-<jats:italic>\u03b3<\/jats:italic>release assay (IGRA). A total of 182 HIV-infected MSM were included in this study, the prevalence of IGRA positivity was observed to be 8\u00b779% (16\/182). IGRA quantitative results were not statistically influenced by the CD4 cell counts of the study participants. However, IGRA positivity was found to be lower than our previously reported data from the general population. This suggests that immunological deficiency might decrease the sensitivity of IGRA and thus increase the number of false negatives. Our primary results, suggesting systematic testing and treatment of latent TB infection together with active case-finding, were equally important for TB control in persons living with HIV infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0950268816002703","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,21]],"date-time":"2016-11-21T03:21:43Z","timestamp":1479698503000},"page":"498-502","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Tuberculosis infection testing in HIV-positive men who have sex with men from Xi'an China"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"145","author":[{"given":"H. N.","family":"XIN","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"X. W.","family":"LI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"ZHANG","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Z.","family":"LI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H. R.","family":"ZHANG","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Y.","family":"YANG","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M. F.","family":"LI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B. X.","family":"FENG","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H. J.","family":"LI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"GAO","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0950268816002703_ref1","unstructured":"WHO. Global tuberculosis control: surveillance, planning, financing. Geneva, World Health Organization, 2009 (http:\/\/www.who.int\/tb\/publications\/global_report\/en\/). Accessed 9 October 2016."},{"key":"S0950268816002703_ref17","unstructured":"WHO. Global tuberculosis control. World Health Organization, 2014 (http:\/\/www.who.int\/tb\/publications\/global_report). Accessed 9 October 2016."},{"key":"S0950268816002703_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0053330"},{"key":"S0950268816002703_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0000000000000109"},{"key":"S0950268816002703_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-11-264"},{"key":"S0950268816002703_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1038\/455609a","article-title":"The changing face of HIV in China","volume":"455","author":"Lu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"S0950268816002703_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2014.08.010"},{"key":"S0950268816002703_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0971-5916.159297"},{"key":"S0950268816002703_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001270"},{"key":"S0950268816002703_ref2","first-page":"S115","article-title":"Tuberculosis and HIV: current status in Africa","volume":"11","author":"Raviglione","year":"1997","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"S0950268816002703_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0032482"},{"key":"S0950268816002703_ref5","unstructured":"National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China. China's report on progress of AIDS prevention and control in 2014 (http:\/\/www.nhfpc.gov.cn\/). Accessed 9 October 2016."},{"key":"S0950268816002703_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.cr.7290359"},{"key":"S0950268816002703_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2008.034702"},{"key":"S0950268816002703_ref3","unstructured":"WHO. Guidelines on the management of latent tuberculosis infection. World Health Organization, 2015 (http:\/\/www.who.int\/tb\/publications\/ltbi_document_page\/en\/). Accessed 9 October 2016."},{"key":"S0950268816002703_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(14)71085-0"},{"key":"S0950268816002703_ref14","unstructured":"Masci D , Sciupac E . Gay marriage around the world (http:\/\/www.pewforum.org\/2015\/06\/26\/gay-marriage-around-the-world-2013\/). Accessed 9 October 2016."},{"key":"S0950268816002703_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-14-531"}],"container-title":["Epidemiology and Infection"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0950268816002703","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,15]],"date-time":"2019-09-15T16:11:41Z","timestamp":1568563901000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0950268816002703\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,21]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S0950268816002703"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0950268816002703","relation":{},"ISSN":["0950-2688","1469-4409"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0950-2688","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-4409","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 Cambridge University Press 2016\u00a0","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}}]}}