{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]],"date-time":"2025-11-18T20:55:45Z","timestamp":1763499345887,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,3]],"date-time":"2017-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1488499200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epidemiol. Infect."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title><jats:p>In England, dual tests detecting chlamydia and gonorrhoea are used in specialist and community-based sexual health services (SHSs). Test performance is poor when prevalence is low, therefore UK national guidelines recommend against opportunistic gonorrhoea screening unless there is a clear local public health need. While surveillance data on gonorrhoea prevalence is comprehensive in specialist SHSs, it is sparse in community SHSs. We aimed to estimate gonorrhoea prevalence in heterosexual men and women aged 15\u201324 attending community SHSs to inform testing care pathways. We used linear and quadratic regression to model the relationship between prevalence in community and specialist SHSs in local authorities (LAs) with available surveillance data. We applied best-fitting models to predict prevalence in community SHSs in remaining LAs. Data from community SHSs were available for 102\/326 LAs. There was a weak positive association between gonorrhoea prevalence in community and specialist SHSs in corresponding LAs within (<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> = 0\u00b713, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0\u00b7058) and outside (<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> = 0\u00b707, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0\u00b702) London. Applying best-fitting models, we estimated a median gonorrhoea prevalence of 0\u00b75% (mean 0\u00b76%; range 0\u00b72%\u20132\u00b77%) in heterosexuals attending community SHSs. Despite some unexplained variation, our analyses suggest gonorrhoea prevalence in young heterosexuals attending community SHSs is below 1% in most English LAs. Our findings re-inforce the current national guidelines that recommend care pathways for gonorrhoea testing in community SHSs include confirmatory testing to reduce the risk of misdiagnosis and inappropriate management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0950268817000024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,3]],"date-time":"2017-03-03T04:11:54Z","timestamp":1488514314000},"page":"1682-1687","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Estimating gonorrhoea prevalence in young heterosexual men and women attending community-based sexual health services to inform decisions on gonorrhoea testing"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3481-5019","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"K.","family":"TOWN","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"FUREGATO","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"FIELD","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"HUGHES","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0950268817000024_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)61947-9"},{"key":"S0950268817000024_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2014-004862"},{"key":"S0950268817000024_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2014-006067"},{"key":"S0950268817000024_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5694\/mja14.00780"},{"key":"S0950268817000024_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2016-052755"},{"key":"S0950268817000024_ref6","unstructured":"Public Health England. Guidance for the detection of gonorrhoea in England (https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/publications\/guidance-for-the-detection-of-gonorrhoea-in-england). Accessed 1 February 2017."},{"key":"S0950268817000024_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2014-051850"},{"key":"S0950268817000024_ref1","unstructured":"Public Health England. Health Protection Report. Sexually transmitted infections and chlamydia screening in England, 2015. 2016; 10: 22."},{"key":"S0950268817000024_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES2014.19.48.20981"},{"key":"S0950268817000024_ref5","unstructured":"Public Health England. National chlamydia screening programme standards (7th edition) (https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/publications\/ncsp-standards). Accessed 1 February 2017."},{"volume-title":"An Introduction to Medical Statistics","year":"2000","key":"S0950268817000024_ref8"}],"container-title":["Epidemiology and Infection"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0950268817000024","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,17]],"date-time":"2019-04-17T18:36:25Z","timestamp":1555526185000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0950268817000024\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,3]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S0950268817000024"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0950268817000024","relation":{},"ISSN":["0950-2688","1469-4409"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0950-2688"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1469-4409"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 Cambridge University Press 2017\u00a0","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}}]}}