{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T02:05:43Z","timestamp":1778724343333,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,7]],"date-time":"2017-03-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1488844800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epidemiol. Infect."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title><jats:p>We performed two different approaches (broth enrichment step prior to culture (BEC) and PCR (BEPCR)) for detecting<jats:italic>Streptococcus pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>from nasopharyngeal specimens collected from 242 children aged &lt;6 years attending one hospital (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>= 140) and one childcare centre (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>= 102) in a major urban area in Brazil. These specimens were collected immediately before the introduction of the 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV10) and the 13-valent vaccine (PCV13) for routine use in Brazil. Results were compared with previous findings obtained with direct culture (DC) on a selective medium. Colonisation prevalence was 58\u00b73% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>= 141), being higher among children attending the childcare centre (62\u00b77%<jats:italic>vs.<\/jats:italic>55%). The culture-based methods (DC and BEC) enabled the detection of<jats:italic>S. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>in 119 (49\u00b72%) and 115 (47\u00b75%) children, respectively. The PCR-based method (BEPCR) was more sensitive and 137 (56\u00b76%) carriers were identified. Twenty-six serogroups\/serotypes were identified, predominantly 6B, 19F, 14, 6A, 15C and 23F. Multiple colonisation was observed in 13 (5\u00b74%) children. The estimated serotypes coverage of available PCVs was 40\u00b74% for the 10-valent (included in the Brazilian immunisation programme) and 55\u00b78% for the 13-valent (only available in private clinics). The use of robust approaches to obtain a more realistic insight about the asymptomatic carrier status is of paramount importance to estimate and assess the impact of vaccine implementation. The combination between culture-based and molecular methods constitutes a suitable strategy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0950268817000449","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,7]],"date-time":"2017-03-07T09:25:26Z","timestamp":1488878726000},"page":"1720-1726","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Pneumococcal nasopharyngeal carriage among children in Brazil prior to the introduction of the 10-valent conjugate vaccine: a culture- and PCR-based survey"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"145","author":[{"given":"H. G.","family":"RODRIGUES","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T. C. A.","family":"PINTO","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R. R.","family":"BARROS","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L. 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G.","family":"NEVES","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0950268817000449_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2009.05.010"},{"key":"S0950268817000449_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2013.08.062"},{"key":"S0950268817000449_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)62225-8"},{"key":"S0950268817000449_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-13-318"},{"key":"S0950268817000449_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.031450-0"},{"key":"S0950268817000449_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0102045"},{"key":"S0950268817000449_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(14)70060-8"},{"key":"S0950268817000449_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e31824214ac"},{"key":"S0950268817000449_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2009.06.006"},{"key":"S0950268817000449_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/fmb.11.146"},{"key":"S0950268817000449_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/erv.12.53"},{"key":"S0950268817000449_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.47347-0"},{"key":"S0950268817000449_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-010-1208-5"},{"key":"S0950268817000449_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2013.05.005"},{"key":"S0950268817000449_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02498-06"},{"key":"S0950268817000449_ref12","first-page":"70","article-title":"Analysis of invasive pneumonia-causing strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae: serotypes and antimicrobial susceptibility","volume":"87","author":"Yoshioka","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatrics"},{"key":"S0950268817000449_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwv283"},{"key":"S0950268817000449_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e31815bb6c5","article-title":"Random colony selection versus colony morphology for detection of multiple pneumococcal serotypes in nasopharyngeal swabs","volume":"27","author":"Hare","year":"2008","journal-title":"The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal"},{"key":"S0950268817000449_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.04.006"},{"key":"S0950268817000449_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)62225-8"},{"key":"S0950268817000449_ref1","first-page":"245","article-title":"Weekly epidemiological record: Relev\u00e9 \u00e9pid\u00e9miologique hebdomadaire","volume":"87","year":"2012","journal-title":"The Weekly Epidemiological Record"},{"key":"S0950268817000449_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01505-12"},{"key":"S0950268817000449_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02243-09"},{"key":"S0950268817000449_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0009282"},{"key":"S0950268817000449_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001903"},{"key":"S0950268817000449_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0057047"},{"key":"S0950268817000449_ref10","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Protocol for Multiplex PCR \u2013 S. pneumoniae serotyping \u2013 clinical specimens \u2013 Latin America set. 2010 (http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/ncidod\/biotech\/files\/pcr-Latin-Amer-clinical-specimens.pdf). 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