{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,7]],"date-time":"2026-11-07T07:00:07Z","timestamp":1794034807823,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,5]],"date-time":"2018-11-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1541376000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,5]],"date-time":"2018-11-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1541376000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epidemiol. Infect."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is a life-threatening respiratory disease with a high case fatality rate; however, its risk factors remain unclear. We aimed to explore the influence of demographic factors, clinical manifestations and underlying comorbidities on mortality in MERS-CoV patients. Retrospective chart reviews were performed to identify all laboratory-confirmed cases of MERS-COV infection in Saudi Arabia that were reported to the Ministry of Health of Saudi Arabia between 23 April 2014 and 7 June 2016. Statistical analyses were conducted to assess the effect of sex, age, clinical presentation and comorbidities on mortality from MERS-CoV. A total of 281 confirmed MERS-CoV cases were identified: 167 (59.4%) patients were male and 55 (20%) died. Mortality predominantly occurred among Saudi nationals and older patients and was significantly associated with respiratory failure and shortness of breath. Of the 281 confirmed cases, 160 (56.9%) involved comorbidities, wherein diabetes mellitus, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, congestive heart failure, end-stage renal disease and chronic kidney disease were significantly associated with mortality from MERS-CoV and two or three comorbidities significantly affected the fatality rates from MERS-CoV. The findings of this study show that old age and the existence of underlying comorbidities significantly increase mortality from MERS-CoV.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0950268818002923","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,5]],"date-time":"2018-11-05T09:30:42Z","timestamp":1541410242000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":69,"title":["Prevalence of comorbidities in cases of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: a retrospective study"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"147","author":[{"given":"F.Y.","family":"Alqahtani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.S.","family":"Aleanizy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Ali El Hadi Mohamed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. S.","family":"Alanazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Mohamed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. M.","family":"Alrasheed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Abanmy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Alhawassi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0950268818002923_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.f5061"},{"key":"S0950268818002923_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-016-2137-3"},{"key":"S0950268818002923_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1408636"},{"key":"S0950268818002923_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2807\/ese.18.24.20503-en","article-title":"Transmission scenarios for Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and how to tell them apart","volume":"18","author":"Cauchemez","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eurosurveillance"},{"key":"S0950268818002923_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)60454-8"},{"key":"S0950268818002923_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2014.03.1372"},{"key":"S0950268818002923_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1303729"},{"key":"S0950268818002923_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/M13-2486"},{"key":"S0950268818002923_ref3","unstructured":"(WHO), W.H.O (2017) WHO MERS-CoV Global Summary and Assessment of Risk. Available at http:\/\/www.who.int\/emergencies\/mers-cov\/risk-assessment-july-2017.pdf."},{"key":"S0950268818002923_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1750-2659.2012.00405.x"},{"key":"S0950268818002923_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)61887-5"},{"key":"S0950268818002923_ref16","first-page":"6","article-title":"Estimation of MERS-Coronavirus reproductive number and case fatality rate for the spring 2014 Saudi Arabia outbreak: insights from publicly available data","volume":"18","author":"Majumder","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS Currents"},{"key":"S0950268818002923_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0183850"},{"key":"S0950268818002923_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1306742"},{"key":"S0950268818002923_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01244-13"},{"key":"S0950268818002923_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/msb.2009.16"},{"key":"S0950268818002923_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1211721"},{"key":"S0950268818002923_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.12123"},{"key":"S0950268818002923_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-15-333"},{"key":"S0950268818002923_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00102-14"},{"key":"S0950268818002923_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2013.07.001"},{"key":"S0950268818002923_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(13)70304-9"},{"key":"S0950268818002923_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00473-12"},{"key":"S0950268818002923_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20290","DOI":"10.2807\/ese.17.40.20290-en","article-title":"Severe respiratory illness caused by a novel coronavirus, in a patient transferred to the United Kingdom from the Middle East, September 2012","volume":"17","author":"Bermingham","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eurosurveillance"},{"key":"S0950268818002923_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60982-4"},{"key":"S0950268818002923_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciu226"},{"key":"S0950268818002923_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kww013"},{"key":"S0950268818002923_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(13)70204-4"},{"key":"S0950268818002923_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/0142159X.2015.1006610"},{"key":"S0950268818002923_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/emi.2017.40"}],"container-title":["Epidemiology and Infection"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0950268818002923","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,5]],"date-time":"2022-09-05T06:45:58Z","timestamp":1662360358000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0950268818002923\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,5]]},"references-count":30,"alternative-id":["S0950268818002923"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0950268818002923","relation":{},"ISSN":["0950-2688","1469-4409"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0950-2688","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-4409","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 Cambridge University Press 2018\u00a0This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}}],"article-number":"e35"}}