{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T20:55:56Z","timestamp":1787604956248,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,4]],"date-time":"2018-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1543881600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,4]],"date-time":"2018-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1543881600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epidemiol. Infect."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Rabies is one of the major public health problems in China, and the mortality rate of rabies remains the highest among all notifiable infectious diseases. A meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) vaccination rate and risk factors for human rabies in mainland China. The PubMed, Web of Science, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Science and Technology Periodical and Wanfang databases were searched for articles on rabies vaccination status (published between 2007 and 2017). In total, 10 174 human rabies cases from 136 studies were included in this meta-analysis. Approximately 97.2% (95% confidence interval (CI) 95.1\u201398.7%) of rabies cases occurred in rural areas and 72.6% (95% CI 70.0\u201375.1%) occurred in farmers. Overall, the vaccination rate in the reported human rabies cases was 15.4% (95% CI 13.7\u201317.4%). However, among vaccinated individuals, 85.5% (95% CI 79.8%\u201383.4%) did not complete the vaccination regimen. In a subgroup analysis, the PEP vaccination rate in the eastern region (18.8%, 95% CI 15.9\u201322.1%) was higher than that in the western region (13.3%, 95% CI 11.1\u201315.8%) and this rate decreased after 2007. Approximately 68.9% (95% CI 63.6\u201373.8%) of rabies cases experienced category-III exposures, but their PEP vaccination rate was 27.0% (95% CI 14.4\u201344.9%) and only 6.1% (95% CI 4.4\u20138.4%) received rabies immunoglobulin. Together, these results suggested that the PEP vaccination rate among human rabies cases was low in mainland China. Therefore, standardised treatment and vaccination programs of dog bites need to be further strengthened, particularly in rural areas.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0950268818003175","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,4]],"date-time":"2018-12-04T10:31:01Z","timestamp":1543919461000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Post-exposure prophylaxis vaccination rate and risk factors of human rabies in mainland China: a meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"147","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5888-7439","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"D. L.","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"X. F.","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"X. Q.","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2023-1733","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C. X.","family":"Duan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"X. C.","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. J.","family":"Bao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. H.","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0950268818003175_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-9-210"},{"key":"S0950268818003175_ref14","first-page":"124","article-title":"Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 137 cases of rabies in a hospital in Changsha","volume":"34","author":"Jinqiang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Pest Control"},{"key":"S0950268818003175_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.295.6.676"},{"key":"S0950268818003175_ref25","first-page":"531","article-title":"Investigation of standardized development of dog bite injury clinics in Zhejiang province, China in 2011","volume":"24","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control"},{"key":"S0950268818003175_ref20","first-page":"40","article-title":"Epidemiology of human rabies in China, 2016","volume":"39","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Epidemiology"},{"key":"S0950268818003175_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.316.7129.469"},{"key":"S0950268818003175_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(16)30589-8"},{"key":"S0950268818003175_ref23","first-page":"360","article-title":"Epidemiological analysis on rabies surveillance in China from 2006 to 2008","volume":"25","author":"Xu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Disease Surveillance"},{"key":"S0950268818003175_ref6","first-page":"161","article-title":"Technical guidelines for human rabies prevention and control","volume":"6","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Viral Diseases"},{"key":"S0950268818003175_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(16)30342-5"},{"key":"S0950268818003175_ref1","first-page":"1","article-title":"WHO expert consultation on rabies. 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