{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T17:37:52Z","timestamp":1793036272279,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,4]],"date-time":"2019-03-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1551657600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":62,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Epidemiol. Infect."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Recent infection testing algorithms (RITA) for HIV combine serological assays with epidemiological data to determine likely recent infections, indicators of ongoing transmission. In 2016, we integrated RITA into national HIV surveillance in Ireland to better inform HIV prevention interventions. We determined the avidity index (AI) of new HIV diagnoses and linked the results with data captured in the national infectious disease reporting system. RITA classified a diagnosis as recent based on an AI &lt; 1.5, unless epidemiological criteria (CD4 count &lt;200 cells\/mm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>; viral load &lt;400 copies\/ml; the presence of AIDS-defining illness; prior antiretroviral therapy use) indicated a potential false-recent result. Of 508 diagnoses in 2016, we linked 448 (88.1%) to an avidity test result. RITA classified 12.5% of diagnoses as recent, with the highest proportion (26.3%) amongst people who inject drugs. On multivariable logistic regression recent infection was more likely with a concurrent sexually transmitted infection (aOR 2.59; 95% CI 1.04\u20136.45). Data were incomplete for at least one RITA criterion in 48% of cases. The study demonstrated the feasibility of integrating RITA into routine surveillance and showed some ongoing HIV transmission. To improve the interpretation of RITA, further efforts are required to improve completeness of the required epidemiological data.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0950268819000244","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,4]],"date-time":"2019-03-04T05:38:55Z","timestamp":1551677935000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Integration of a recent infection testing algorithm into HIV surveillance in Ireland: improving HIV knowledge to target prevention"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"147","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5155-368X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"E.","family":"Robinson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Moran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0260-695X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"K.","family":"O'Donnell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5270-7372","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J.","family":"Hassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Tuite","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"O.","family":"Ennis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Cooney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Nugent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Preston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"O'Dea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Doyle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Keating","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Connell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9208-4325","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C.","family":"De Gascun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Igoe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0950268819000244_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1293.2012.00990.x"},{"key":"S0950268819000244_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(12)70341-9"},{"key":"S0950268819000244_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/publichealth.7051"},{"key":"S0950268819000244_ref22","volume-title":"An Evaluation of the Completeness of National HIV Surveillance Data in CIDR: 2014 and 2015","author":"O'Donnell","year":"2017"},{"key":"S0950268819000244_ref21","volume-title":"HIV\/AIDS Surveillance in Europe 2017\u20132016 Data","year":"2017"},{"key":"S0950268819000244_ref18","first-page":"18968","article-title":"Four years of surveillance of recent HIV infections at country level, France, mid 2003\u20132006: experience and perspectives","volume":"13","author":"Semaille","year":"2008","journal-title":"Euro Surveillance: European Communicable Disease Bulletin"},{"key":"S0950268819000244_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-9-311"},{"key":"S0950268819000244_ref14","article-title":"National increase in HIV and STIs among men who have sex with men in Ireland","volume":"17","author":"Robinson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Epi-Insight"},{"key":"S0950268819000244_ref12","first-page":"19425","article-title":"Recently acquired HIV infection in men who have sex with men (MSM) in France, 2003\u20132008","volume":"14","author":"Semaille","year":"2009","journal-title":"Euro Surveillance: European Communicable Disease Bulletin"},{"key":"S0950268819000244_ref11","volume-title":"Monitoring Recently Acquired HIV Infections in the European Context","year":"2013"},{"key":"S0950268819000244_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0000000000000429"},{"key":"S0950268819000244_ref7","volume-title":"HIV Surveillance in Ireland \u2013 A Summary","year":"2016"},{"key":"S0950268819000244_ref6","unstructured":"Infectious Diseases (amendment) Regulations 2011, Ireland [Statute on the Internet]. c2011 [cited 2018 Jan 25]. 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