{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T02:21:24Z","timestamp":1776738084862,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,18]],"date-time":"2019-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1552867200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":76,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Epidemiol. Infect."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is endemic worldwide but its seroprevalence varies widely. The goal of this study was to estimate the age-specific seroprevalence of CMV infection in Belgium based on two cross-sectional serological datasets from 2002 and 2006. The seroprevalence was estimated relying on diagnostic test results based on cut-off values pre-specified by the manufacturers of the tests as well as relying on mixture models applied to continuous pathogen-specific immunoglobulin G antibody titre concentrations. The age-specific seroprevalence of hepatitis A virus (HAV), based on three Belgian cross-sectional serological datasets from 1993, 2002 and 2006, was used as a comparator since individuals acquire lifelong immunity upon recovery, implying an increasing seroprevalence with age. The age group weighted overall CMV seroprevalence derived from the mixture model was 32% (95% confidence interval (CI) 31\u201334%) in 2002 and 31% (95% CI 30\u201332%) in 2006. We demonstrated that CMV epidemiology differs from the immunizing infection HAV. This was the first large-scale study of CMV and HAV serial datasets in Belgium, estimating seroprevalence specified by age and birth cohort.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0950268819000487","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,18]],"date-time":"2019-03-18T07:07:40Z","timestamp":1552892860000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The seroprevalence of cytomegalovirus infection in Belgium anno 2002 and 2006: a comparative analysis with hepatitis A virus seroprevalence"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"147","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8254-7688","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"G. S. A.","family":"Smit","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7353-9304","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S.","family":"Abrams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Dorny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Speybroeck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Devleesschauwer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"V.","family":"Hutse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Jansens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Theeten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Beutels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1881-0637","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"N.","family":"Hens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0950268819000487_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2008.12.012"},{"key":"S0950268819000487_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a121347"},{"key":"S0950268819000487_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.inf.0000199261.98769.29"},{"key":"S0950268819000487_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/652438"},{"key":"S0950268819000487_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1471082X12457495"},{"key":"S0950268819000487_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268806006340"},{"key":"S0950268819000487_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/0470011815.b2a15029"},{"key":"S0950268819000487_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0258(19960730)15:14<1567::AID-SIM289>3.0.CO;2-G"},{"key":"S0950268819000487_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268810001536"},{"key":"S0950268819000487_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.07.042010"},{"key":"S0950268819000487_ref17","unstructured":"SPMA, Public Health and Surveillance (2016) Scientific Institute of Public Health, Brussels, Belgium. Available at https:\/\/spma.wiv-isp.be\/ (Accessed 27 August 2016)."},{"key":"S0950268819000487_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/biostatistics\/kxq059"},{"key":"S0950268819000487_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1002418"},{"key":"S0950268819000487_ref9","first-page":"261","article-title":"WHO position paper on hepatitis A vaccines \u2013 June 2012","volume":"87","year":"2012","journal-title":"Weekly Epidemiological Record"},{"key":"S0950268819000487_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rmv.2034"},{"key":"S0950268819000487_ref26","volume-title":"R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing","year":"2017"},{"key":"S0950268819000487_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s150100050023"},{"key":"S0950268819000487_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/9781555815981.ch22"},{"key":"S0950268819000487_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0025-5564(94)90024-8"},{"key":"S0950268819000487_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268812000015"},{"key":"S0950268819000487_ref33","unstructured":"Beutels P (2008) Evaluation of universal and targeted hepatitis A vaccination programs in Belgium. Health Technology Assessment (HTA). Brussel, Belgium: Federal Knowledge Centre for Health Care (KCE); KCE reports 98A (D\/2008\/10. 273\/88). Available at https:\/\/kce.fgov.be\/sites\/default\/files\/atoms\/files\/d20081027388.pdf (Accessed 1 August 2018)."},{"key":"S0950268819000487_ref1","volume-title":"Infectious Diseases of the Fetus and Newborn Infant","author":"Remington","year":"2011"},{"key":"S0950268819000487_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268804003140"},{"key":"S0950268819000487_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cix344"},{"key":"S0950268819000487_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268801005684"},{"key":"S0950268819000487_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-5564(00)00009-2"},{"key":"S0950268819000487_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/14760584.7.5.535"},{"key":"S0950268819000487_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(17)30143-3"},{"key":"S0950268819000487_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-9868.00374"},{"key":"S0950268819000487_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268808000393"},{"key":"S0950268819000487_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rmv.655"},{"key":"S0950268819000487_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4614-4072-7"},{"key":"S0950268819000487_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/B:EJEP.0000013253.56343.6f"},{"key":"S0950268819000487_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyi062"},{"key":"S0950268819000487_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268809990781"},{"key":"S0950268819000487_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/pir.32-12-537"},{"key":"S0950268819000487_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1005719"},{"key":"S0950268819000487_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2015.07.008"},{"key":"S0950268819000487_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1007393405966"},{"key":"S0950268819000487_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2009.11.018"}],"container-title":["Epidemiology and Infection"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0950268819000487","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,7]],"date-time":"2019-06-07T17:44:31Z","timestamp":1559929471000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0950268819000487\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019]]},"references-count":40,"alternative-id":["S0950268819000487"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0950268819000487","relation":{},"ISSN":["0950-2688","1469-4409"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0950-2688","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-4409","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019]]},"article-number":"e154"}}