{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T20:52:13Z","timestamp":1790023933987,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,1]],"date-time":"2020-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1585699200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":91,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Epidemiol. Infect."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t  <jats:p>From 1971 to 2012, in New York State, years with human Eastern equine encephalitis (EEE) were more strongly associated with the presence of <jats:italic>Aedes canadensis<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Coquillettidia perturbans<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Culiseta melanura<\/jats:italic> mosquitoes infected with the EEE virus (Fisher's exact test, one-sided <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.005, 0.03, 0.03) than with <jats:italic>Culiseta morsitans<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Aedes vexans<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Culex pipiens-restuans<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Anopheles quadrimaculatus<\/jats:italic> or <jats:italic>Anopheles punctipennis<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.05, 0.40, 0.33, 1.00, 1.00). The estimated relative risk of a case in a year in which the virus was detected <jats:italic>vs.<\/jats:italic> not detected was 14.67 for <jats:italic>Ae. canadensis<\/jats:italic>, 6.38 for <jats:italic>Cq. perturbans<\/jats:italic> and 5.50 for <jats:italic>Cs. morsitans<\/jats:italic>. In all 5 years with a case, <jats:italic>Cs. melanura<\/jats:italic> with the virus was detected. In no year was there a case in the absence of <jats:italic>Cs. melanura<\/jats:italic> with the virus. There were 18 years with no case in the presence of <jats:italic>Cs. melanura<\/jats:italic> with the virus. Such observations may identify the time of increased risk, and when the methods may be used to prevent or reduce exposure to vector mosquito species in this geographic region.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0950268820000308","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,1]],"date-time":"2020-04-01T09:17:20Z","timestamp":1585732640000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Cases of Eastern equine encephalitis in humans associated with <i>Aedes canadensis<\/i>, <i>Coquillettidia perturbans<\/i> and <i>Culiseta melanura<\/i> mosquitoes with the virus in New York State from 1971 to 2012 by analysis of aggregated published data"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"148","author":[{"given":"J. A.","family":"Sherwood","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. V.","family":"Stehman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. J.","family":"Howard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2143-0822","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J.","family":"Oliver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0950268820000308_ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2006.01552.x"},{"key":"S0950268820000308_ref48","first-page":"1","article-title":"Case definitions for public health surveillance","volume":"39","year":"1990","journal-title":"Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report"},{"key":"S0950268820000308_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2006.75.1140"},{"key":"S0950268820000308_ref20","first-page":"479","article-title":"Toward the incrimination of epidemic vectors of Eastern equine encephalomyelitis virus in Massachusetts: abundance of mosquito populations at epidemic foci","volume":"15","author":"Moncayo","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association"},{"key":"S0950268820000308_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jmedent\/18.6.493"},{"key":"S0950268820000308_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jmedent\/34.3.346"},{"key":"S0950268820000308_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1977.26.547"},{"key":"S0950268820000308_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1975.24.986"},{"key":"S0950268820000308_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/153036604773083013"},{"key":"S0950268820000308_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1994.tb19866.x"},{"key":"S0950268820000308_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0133602"},{"key":"S0950268820000308_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jmedent\/26.3.190"},{"key":"S0950268820000308_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-018-2950-1"},{"key":"S0950268820000308_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1979.28.577"},{"key":"S0950268820000308_ref13","first-page":"1","article-title":"Eastern equine encephalitis in New York State","volume":"65","author":"Howard","year":"1994","journal-title":"Journal of the Florida Mosquito Control Association"},{"key":"S0950268820000308_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0070000"},{"key":"S0950268820000308_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1973.22.561"},{"key":"S0950268820000308_ref2","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2019) Eastern equine encephalitis \u2013 statistics and maps. Atlanta, Georgia, United Sates. Available at http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/easternequineencephalitis\/tech\/epi.html (Accessed 2 October 2019)."},{"key":"S0950268820000308_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jmedent\/17.5.453"},{"key":"S0950268820000308_ref6","first-page":"179","article-title":"Host preference of Culiseta melanura and allied mosquitoes","volume":"21","author":"Hayes","year":"1961","journal-title":"Mosquito News"},{"key":"S0950268820000308_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2015.1864"},{"key":"S0950268820000308_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00647-15"},{"key":"S0950268820000308_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2007.76.285"},{"key":"S0950268820000308_ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.75.12.1420"},{"key":"S0950268820000308_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1962.11.115"},{"key":"S0950268820000308_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jmedent\/42.1.57"},{"key":"S0950268820000308_ref35","first-page":"175","article-title":"New classification for the composite genus Aedes (Diptera: Culicidae: Aedini), elevation of subgenus Ochlerotatus to generic rank, reclassification of the other subgenera, and notes on certain subgenera and species","volume":"16","author":"Reinert","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association"},{"key":"S0950268820000308_ref4","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2018) Eastern equine encephalitis \u2013 technical fact sheet. Atlanta, Georgia, United Sates. Available at http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/easternequineencephalitis\/tech\/factsheet.html (Accessed 2 October 2019)."},{"key":"S0950268820000308_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jmedent\/8.6.687"},{"key":"S0950268820000308_ref10","first-page":"166","article-title":"A review of arbovirus surveillance on Long Island, 1959\u20131963","volume":"52","author":"Jamnback","year":"1965","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Fifty-second Annual Meeting of the New Jersey Mosquito Control Association"},{"key":"S0950268820000308_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1612.100640"},{"key":"S0950268820000308_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000097"},{"key":"S0950268820000308_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1978.27.1240"},{"key":"S0950268820000308_ref41","first-page":"167","article-title":"Arbovirus titer variation in field-collected mosquitoes","volume":"12","author":"Nasci","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association"},{"key":"S0950268820000308_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1978.27.1246"},{"key":"S0950268820000308_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jmedent\/33.3.421"},{"key":"S0950268820000308_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jmedent\/17.5.442"},{"key":"S0950268820000308_ref33","volume-title":"Mosquitoes of New York, Part II. Genera of Culicidae Other than Aedes Occurring in New York","author":"Means","year":"1987"},{"key":"S0950268820000308_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1982.31.376"},{"key":"S0950268820000308_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000000590"},{"key":"S0950268820000308_ref31","first-page":"12","article-title":"Eastern equine encephalitis in Suffolk County, Long Island, New York, 1994","volume":"82","author":"Howard","year":"1995","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Eighty-second Annual Meeting New Jersey Mosquito Control Association"},{"key":"S0950268820000308_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2003.69.641"},{"key":"S0950268820000308_ref32","volume-title":"Mosquitoes of New York, Part I. The Genus Aedes meigen with Identification Keys to Genera of Culicidae","author":"Means","year":"1979"},{"key":"S0950268820000308_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2340521"},{"key":"S0950268820000308_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jmedent\/25.6.501"},{"key":"S0950268820000308_ref40","first-page":"84","article-title":"Epidemiology of Eastern equine encephalitis in Massachusetts","volume":"64","author":"Edman","year":"1993","journal-title":"Journal of the Florida Mosquito Control Association"},{"key":"S0950268820000308_ref45","unstructured":"Compilation of the Rules and Regulations of the State of New York; Health; Title 10; Volume A; Part 2 \u2013 Communicable Diseases \u2013 Designation of Cases; Section 2.2 \u2013 Definitions. Parts (d) and (h) (2). Effective Date January 12, 2004. Albany, New York State: State of New York, Department of State. 2008. Printed at: St Paul, Minnesota: Thompson \u2013 Reuters\/West."},{"key":"S0950268820000308_ref12","first-page":"269","article-title":"Arboviruses in New York state: surveillance in arthropods and nonhuman vertebrates, 1972\u20131977","volume":"40","author":"Srihongse","year":"1980","journal-title":"Mosquito News"},{"key":"S0950268820000308_ref46","unstructured":"Compilation of the Rules and Regulations of the State of New York; Health; Title 10; Volume A-1; Chapter II \u2013 Administrative Rules and Regulations; Sub-Chapter B \u2013 State Aid and Funding; Part 44 \u2013 State Aid for Approved Vector Surveillance and Control Programs; Section 44.20 \u2013 Definitions. Parts (f) and (g). Effective Date August 19, 1992. Albany, New York State: State of New York, Department of State. 2008. Printed at: St Paul, Minnesota: Thompson \u2013 Reuters\/West."}],"container-title":["Epidemiology and Infection"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0950268820000308","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,1]],"date-time":"2020-04-01T09:17:27Z","timestamp":1585732647000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0950268820000308\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"references-count":49,"alternative-id":["S0950268820000308"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0950268820000308","relation":{},"ISSN":["0950-2688","1469-4409"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0950-2688","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-4409","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"article-number":"e72"}}