{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T01:42:00Z","timestamp":1789004520701,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,29]],"date-time":"2020-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1588118400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":119,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epidemiol. Infect."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t  <jats:p>Since 2016, the European Region has experienced large-scale measles outbreaks. Several measles outbreaks in England during 2017\/18 specifically affected Romanian and Romanian Roma communities. In this qualitative interview study, we looked at the effectiveness of outbreak responses and efforts to promote vaccination uptake amongst these underserved communities in three English cities: Birmingham, Leeds and Liverpool. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with 33 providers involved in vaccination delivery and outbreak management in these cities. Interviews were analysed thematically and factors that influenced the effectiveness of responses were categorised into five themes: (1) the ability to identify the communities, (2) provider knowledge and understanding of the communities, (3) the co-ordination of response efforts and partnership working, (4) links to communities and approaches to community engagement and (5) resource constraints. We found that effective partnership working and community engagement were key to the prevention and management of vaccine-preventable disease outbreaks in the communities. Effective engagement was found to be compromised by cuts to public health spending and services for underserved communities. To increase uptake in under-vaccinated communities, local knowledge and engagement are vital to build trust and relationships. Local partners must work proactively to identify, understand and build connections with communities.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0950268820000874","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,29]],"date-time":"2020-04-29T09:05:28Z","timestamp":1588151128000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Responding to measles outbreaks in underserved Roma and Romanian populations in England: the critical role of community understanding and engagement"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"148","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4381-0030","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sadie","family":"Bell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vanessa","family":"Saliba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gail","family":"Evans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"Flanagan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sam","family":"Ghebrehewet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helen","family":"McAuslane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bharat","family":"Sibal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Mounier-Jack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0950268820000874_ref50","unstructured":"50. PHE (2019) Measles in England. [Online]. Available at https:\/\/publichealthmatters.blog.gov.uk\/2019\/08\/19\/measles-in-england\/ (Accessed 13 December 2019)."},{"key":"S0950268820000874_ref49","volume-title":"Interventions to Improve Engagement with Immunisation Programmes in Selected Underserved Populations","author":"Riches","year":"2019"},{"key":"S0950268820000874_ref21","unstructured":"21. House of Commons Women and Equalities Committee (2019) Tackling inequalities faced by Gypsy, Roma and Traveller communities: Seventh Report of Session 2017\u201319. [Online]. Available at https:\/\/publications.parliament.uk\/pa\/cm201719\/cmselect\/cmwomeq\/360\/report-summary.html (Accessed 13 December 2019)."},{"key":"S0950268820000874_ref47","unstructured":"47. NHS England (2020) Update to the GP contract agreement 2020\/21\u20132023\/24. [Online]. 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Public Health England (2018) Tailoring immunisation programmes, Charedi community, north London \u2013 implementation of the WHO's Tailoring Immunisation Programmes (TIP). [Online]. Available at https:\/\/assets.publishing.service.gov.uk\/government\/uploads\/system\/uploads\/attachment_data\/file\/705096\/Tailoring_Immunisatio_report_including_Protocols_and_research_appendix.pdf (Accessed 01 April 2020)."},{"key":"S0950268820000874_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2018.08.023"},{"key":"S0950268820000874_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2017.22.17.30524"},{"key":"S0950268820000874_ref3","unstructured":"3. World Health Organisation (2019) Measles \u2013 European region. [Online]. 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Published by Cambridge University Press","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}}],"article-number":"e138"}}