{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T08:47:03Z","timestamp":1784191623970,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,18]],"date-time":"2020-06-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1592438400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":169,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epidemiol. Infect."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t  <jats:p>Another large outbreak of mumps occurred in Lothian from October 2017, which coincided with the commencement of the higher education term. During this period 324 cases were notified, most of whom were aged 18\u201322 years old. Although previous outbreaks had a focus in student populations, 43% of current cases reported that they were not a student. There has been increases in private student housing where students from all universities live, which may have contributed to the wide spread of the outbreak and complicated outbreak control. Information on vaccination status was available for 244 cases (75%), of whom the majority (75.8%) reported having two MMR doses. To investigate potential waning vaccine immunity the mean length of time since last mumps containing vaccine was calculated as 14.3 years. The outbreak was declared over in May 2018 after case numbers returned to background levels. This outbreak highlighted that mumps outbreaks occur cyclically coinciding with new cohorts of susceptible students entering the Lothian population. The lessons from this outbreak are to encourage students to have two MMR doses and also be prepared for mumps outbreaks in the near future. In future outbreaks the utility of a third MMR for outbreak control could be examined.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0950268820001296","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,18]],"date-time":"2020-06-18T03:54:55Z","timestamp":1592452495000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Recurrent outbreaks of mumps in Lothian and the impact of waning immunity"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"148","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0223-253X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C. J.","family":"Waugh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6296-7431","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L. J.","family":"Willocks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Templeton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4607-5054","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J.","family":"Stevenson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0950268820001296_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/591196"},{"key":"S0950268820001296_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1703309"},{"key":"S0950268820001296_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268818000602"},{"key":"S0950268820001296_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jpids\/piy038"},{"key":"S0950268820001296_ref12","article-title":"Laboratory confirmed cases of measles, rubella and mumps, England: January to March 2019","volume":"13","year":"2019","journal-title":"Health Protection Report"},{"key":"S0950268820001296_ref11","unstructured":"11. NHS National Services Scotland, Information Services Division. Childhood Immunizations. http:\/\/www.isdscotlandarchive.scot.nhs.uk\/isd\/1987.html (Accessed 3 June 2019)."},{"key":"S0950268820001296_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2016.21.10.30156"},{"key":"S0950268820001296_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6729a1"},{"key":"S0950268820001296_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2019.07.080"},{"key":"S0950268820001296_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aao5945"},{"key":"S0950268820001296_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-018-3946-z"},{"key":"S0950268820001296_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268800066875"},{"key":"S0950268820001296_ref8","first-page":"526","article-title":"Mumps in a boarding school: description of an outbreak and control measures","volume":"56","author":"Mackenzie","year":"2006","journal-title":"British Journal General Practice"},{"key":"S0950268820001296_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2017.00233"},{"key":"S0950268820001296_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciy779"},{"key":"S0950268820001296_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2012-0177"},{"key":"S0950268820001296_ref7","unstructured":"7. BBC News (2019) Mumps outbreak at Nottingham universities. Available at https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/news\/uk-england-nottinghamshire-47694563 (Accessed 25 June 2019)."},{"key":"S0950268820001296_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268817002102"},{"key":"S0950268820001296_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1909.130299"},{"key":"S0950268820001296_ref10","unstructured":"10. NHS National Services Scotland, Information Services Division. Childhood Immunization Statistics https:\/\/www.isdscotland.org\/Health-Topics\/Child-Health\/Publications\/2019-03-26\/2019-03-26-Childhood-Immunization-Report.pdf (Accessed 3 June 2019)."}],"container-title":["Epidemiology and Infection"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0950268820001296","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,8]],"date-time":"2020-07-08T08:28:45Z","timestamp":1594196925000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0950268820001296\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"references-count":20,"alternative-id":["S0950268820001296"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0950268820001296","relation":{},"ISSN":["0950-2688","1469-4409"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0950-2688","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-4409","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}}],"article-number":"e131"}}