{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,2]],"date-time":"2026-11-02T18:02:11Z","timestamp":1793642531422,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598918400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":244,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epidemiol. Infect."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t  <jats:p>Enterotoxigenic <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic> (ETEC) is a well-established cause of traveller's diarrhoea and occasional domestic foodborne illness outbreaks in the USA. Although ETEC are not detected by conventional stool culture methods used in clinical laboratories, syndromic culture-independent diagnostic tests (CIDTs) capable of detecting ETEC have become increasingly prevalent in the last decade. This study describes the epidemiology of ETEC infections reported to the Minnesota Department of Health (MDH) during 2016\u20132017. ETEC-positive stool specimens were submitted to MDH to confirm the presence of ETEC DNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Cases were interviewed to ascertain illness and exposures. Contemporaneous <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic> cases were used as a comparison group in a case-case comparison analysis of risk factors. Of 222 ETEC-positive specimens received by MDH, 108 (49%) were concordant by PCR. ETEC was the sixth most frequently reported bacterial enteric pathogen among a subset of CIDT-positive specimens. Sixty-nine (64%) laboratory-confirmed cases had an additional pathogen codetected with ETEC, including enteroaggregative <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 40) and enteropathogenic <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 39). Although travel is a risk factor for ETEC infection, only 43% of cases travelled internationally, providing evidence for ETEC as an underestimated source of domestically acquired enteric illness in the USA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0950268820001934","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T05:30:15Z","timestamp":1598938215000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Epidemiology of Enterotoxigenic <i>Escherichia coli<\/i> infection in Minnesota, 2016\u20132017"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"148","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1643-3754","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S.","family":"Buuck","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. C.","family":"Fowler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Cebelinski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V.","family":"Lappi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Boxrud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Medus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0950268820001934_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciy890"},{"key":"S0950268820001934_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2017.08.004"},{"key":"S0950268820001934_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2011.06.084"},{"key":"S0950268820001934_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268814001058"},{"key":"S0950268820001934_ref13","unstructured":"13. United States Department of Health and Human Services (US DHHS), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS), Bridged-Race Population Estimates, United States July 1st resident population by state, county, age, sex, bridged-race, and Hispanic origin. Compiled from bridged-race Vintage 2017 (2010\u20132017) postcensal population estimates (released by NCHS on 6\/27\/2018) Available at http:\/\/wonder.cdc.gov\/bridged-race-v2017.html. Accessed 12 June 2019."},{"key":"S0950268820001934_ref11","first-page":"1688","article-title":"Clinical impact of a multiplex gastrointestinal polymerase chain reaction panel in patients with acute gastroenteritis","volume":"67","author":"Cybulski","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clinical Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"S0950268820001934_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(18)30475-4"},{"key":"S0950268820001934_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1708-8305.2010.00488.x"},{"key":"S0950268820001934_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.18.3.465-483.2005"},{"key":"S0950268820001934_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofw003"},{"key":"S0950268820001934_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/CCDM.2745"},{"key":"S0950268820001934_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00022-13"},{"key":"S0950268820001934_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4315\/0362-028X-66.4.535"},{"key":"S0950268820001934_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.02.076"},{"key":"S0950268820001934_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2015.01.015"},{"key":"S0950268820001934_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02674-14"},{"key":"S0950268820001934_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1701.P11101"},{"key":"S0950268820001934_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1003.030268"},{"key":"S0950268820001934_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-016-2858-7"},{"key":"S0950268820001934_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268899002526"}],"container-title":["Epidemiology and Infection"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0950268820001934","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,21]],"date-time":"2020-09-21T03:56:17Z","timestamp":1600660577000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0950268820001934\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"references-count":20,"alternative-id":["S0950268820001934"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0950268820001934","relation":{},"ISSN":["0950-2688","1469-4409"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0950-2688","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-4409","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}],"article-number":"e206"}}