{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T16:10:41Z","timestamp":1772122241364,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,28]],"date-time":"2020-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601251200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":271,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epidemiol. Infect."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    It has been speculated that some drugs can be used against SARS-CoV-2. As for antiretrovirals, the follow-up of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) users during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak may help to understand the potential protective effect of PrEP against SARS-CoV-2. We aimed to identify associations between oral PrEP use and COVID-19-related symptoms self-reporting. Phone call interviews or digital investigation (through WhatsApp\n                    <jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>\n                    or e-mail) about oral PrEP regular use, social distancing, exposure to suspected or confirmed cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19-related symptoms. Among 108 individuals, the majority were cisgender, white and gay men. Although most of the individuals engaged in social distancing (68.52%), they kept on taking PrEP (75.93%). Few people have had contact with suspected or confirmed cases of COVID-19 (12.04%), but some had COVID-19-related symptoms the month before the interview (27.78%) including rhinorrheoa (56.67%), cough (53.33%), asthaenia (50.00%) and headache (43.33%). Also, oral PrEP was associated with lower self-reporting COVID-19-symptoms (OR 0.26, 95% CI 0.07\u20130.96,\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.04;\n                    <jats:italic>h<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.92) even after controlling confounders as social distancing, age, body-mass index and morbidities . In our sample, the regular use of oral PrEP was associated with lower self-reporting of COVID-19-related symptoms during the outbreak in S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0950268820002253","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,28]],"date-time":"2020-09-28T04:31:33Z","timestamp":1601267493000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Pre-exposure prophylaxis during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: can PrEP prevent COVID-19-related symptoms?"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"148","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6324-1763","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danilo Euclides","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4858-2778","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulo Roberto Abr\u00e3o","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1317-4109","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gianna","family":"Mastroianni Kirsztajn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0950268820002253_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30566-3"},{"key":"S0950268820002253_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2020.104786"},{"key":"S0950268820002253_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2001282"},{"key":"S0950268820002253_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12977-018-0408-3"},{"key":"S0950268820002253_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3018(18)30008-0"},{"key":"S0950268820002253_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1506273"},{"key":"S0950268820002253_ref12","volume-title":"Introduction to Mediation, Moderation, and Conditional Process Analysis: A Regression-based Approach","author":"Hayes","year":"2018"},{"key":"S0950268820002253_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2020.101623"},{"key":"S0950268820002253_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.28692"},{"key":"S0950268820002253_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09540121.2018.1468014"},{"key":"S0950268820002253_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2002032"},{"key":"S0950268820002253_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00592-020-01522-8"},{"key":"S0950268820002253_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2020.102433"},{"key":"S0950268820002253_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.2648"},{"key":"S0950268820002253_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.117592"},{"key":"S0950268820002253_ref4","unstructured":"4. Our World in Data. Total confirmed COVID-19 cases. Available at https:\/\/ourworldindata.org\/grapher\/total-cases-covid-19 (Accessed 5 April 2020)."},{"key":"S0950268820002253_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/L20-0175"},{"key":"S0950268820002253_ref6","unstructured":"6. World Health Organization (2012) Guidance on Oral Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) for Serodiscordant Couples, Men and Transgender Women Who Have Sex With Men at High Risk of HIV: Recommendations for Use in the Context of Demonstration Projects. Available at https:\/\/www.who.int\/hiv\/pub\/guidance_prep\/en\/ (Accessed 15 May 2019)."},{"key":"S0950268820002253_ref1","unstructured":"1. About the virus. World Health Organization (2020). Available at http:\/\/www.euro.who.int\/en\/health-topics\/health-emergencies\/coronavirus-covid-19\/novel-coronavirus-2019-ncov (Accessed 5 April 2020)."},{"key":"S0950268820002253_ref7","unstructured":"7. Fernandes, D , Abr\u00e3o Ferreira, P and Kirsztajn, G (2019) Renal Function Assessment among People who uses Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP). Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry. Available at http:\/\/www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br\/rg\/RBR-87ckkh\/ (Accessed 10 September 2020)."},{"key":"S0950268820002253_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1011205"},{"key":"S0950268820002253_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-020-03874-z"}],"container-title":["Epidemiology and Infection"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0950268820002253","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,13]],"date-time":"2020-10-13T02:16:03Z","timestamp":1602555363000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0950268820002253\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"references-count":22,"alternative-id":["S0950268820002253"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0950268820002253","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-27798\/v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0950-2688","1469-4409"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0950-2688","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-4409","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}],"article-number":"e231"}}