{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T17:37:51Z","timestamp":1788543471583,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,26]],"date-time":"2021-02-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614297600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":56,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epidemiol. Infect."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t  <jats:p>Varicella infection during pregnancy has serious and\/or difficult implications and in some cases lethal outcome. Though epidemiological studies in developing countries reveal that a significant proportion of patients may remain susceptible during pregnancy, such an estimate of susceptible women is not known in India. We designed this study to study the prevalence and factors associated with susceptibility to varicella among rural and urban pregnant women in South India. We prospectively recruited 430 pregnant women and analysed their serum varicella IgG antibodies as surrogates for protection. We estimated seroprevalence, the validity of self-reported history of chickenpox and factors associated with varicella susceptibility. We found 23 (95% CI 19.1\u201327.3) of women were susceptible. Nearly a quarter (22.2%) of the susceptible women had a history of exposure to chickenpox anytime in the past or during the current pregnancy. Self-reported history of varicella had a positive predictive value of 82.4%. Negative history of chickenpox (adjusted prevalence ratio (PR) 1.85, 95% CI 1.15\u20133.0) and receiving antenatal care from a rural secondary hospital (adjusted PR 4.08, 95% CI 2.1\u20137.65) were significantly associated with susceptibility. We conclude that high varicella susceptibility rates during pregnancy were noted and self-reported history of varicella may not be a reliable surrogate for protection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0950268821000492","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,26]],"date-time":"2021-02-26T07:06:53Z","timestamp":1614323213000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["High susceptibility to varicella among urban and rural pregnant women in South India: a brief report"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"149","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8642-1348","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leeberk Raja","family":"Inbaraj","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sindhulina","family":"Chandrasingh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nalini","family":"Arun Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jothi","family":"Suchitra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abi","family":"Manesh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0950268821000492_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.22046"},{"key":"S0950268821000492_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmm.IJMM_18_3"},{"key":"S0950268821000492_ref10","first-page":"714","article-title":"Age related seroprevalence of antibodies to varicella in India","volume":"37","author":"Lokeshwar","year":"2000","journal-title":"Indian Pediatrics"},{"key":"S0950268821000492_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3156.1998.00316.x"},{"key":"S0950268821000492_ref16","unstructured":"16. India Fact Sheet. National Family Health Survey (NFHS)-4. Available at https:\/\/dhsprogram.com\/pubs\/pdf\/OF31\/India_National_FactSheet.pdf Accessed 15 February 2021."},{"key":"S0950268821000492_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-019-3996-1"},{"key":"S0950268821000492_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12963-015-0058-9"},{"key":"S0950268821000492_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0049475518794580"},{"key":"S0950268821000492_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/338832"},{"key":"S0950268821000492_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/5.4.367"},{"key":"S0950268821000492_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s42506-018-0002-5"},{"key":"S0950268821000492_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.314.7075.226"},{"key":"S0950268821000492_ref20","first-page":"60","article-title":"Predictive value of a history of varicella infection","volume":"51","author":"Holmes","year":"2005","journal-title":"Canadian Family Physician"},{"key":"S0950268821000492_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0378-6323.95439"},{"key":"S0950268821000492_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofz295"},{"key":"S0950268821000492_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/15.4.561"},{"key":"S0950268821000492_ref5","first-page":"113","article-title":"An epidemic of varicella in rural southern India","volume":"97","author":"Balraj","year":"1994","journal-title":"The Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"},{"key":"S0950268821000492_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14760584.2019.1594781"},{"key":"S0950268821000492_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2402.170659"},{"key":"S0950268821000492_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2009.09.014"},{"key":"S0950268821000492_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/003335490712200411"},{"key":"S0950268821000492_ref12","first-page":"37","article-title":"Seroprevalence of varicella-zoster virus among pregnant women in two teaching hospitals, Tehran, Iran","volume":"6","author":"Talebi-Taher","year":"2014","journal-title":"Iranian Journal of Microbiology"},{"key":"S0950268821000492_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2010.206037"},{"key":"S0950268821000492_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199403313301305"}],"container-title":["Epidemiology and Infection"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0950268821000492","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,15]],"date-time":"2021-03-15T04:51:03Z","timestamp":1615783863000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0950268821000492\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"references-count":24,"alternative-id":["S0950268821000492"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0950268821000492","relation":{},"ISSN":["0950-2688","1469-4409"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0950-2688","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-4409","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}],"article-number":"e63"}}