{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T18:40:20Z","timestamp":1771612820170,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,13]],"date-time":"2022-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642032000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":12,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epidemiol. Infect."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t  <jats:p>We studied severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) seroprevalence among pregnant women in Norway by including all women who were first trimester pregnant (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 6520), each month from December 2019 through December 2020, in the catchment region of Norway's second-largest hospital. We used sera that had been frozen stored after compulsory testing for syphilis antibodies in antenatal care. The sera were analysed with the Elecsys<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup> Anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoassay (Roche Diagnostics, Cobas e801). This immunoassay detects IgG\/IgM against SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid antigen. Sera with equivocal or positive test results were retested with the Liaison<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup> SARS-CoV-2 S1\/S2 IgG (DiaSorin), which detects IgG against the spike (S)1 and S2 protein on the SARS-CoV-2 virus. In total, 98 women (adjusted prevalence 1.7%) had SARS CoV-2 antibodies. The adjusted seroprevalence increased from 0.3% (1\/445) in December 2019 to 5.7% (21\/418) in December 2020. Out of the 98 seropositive women, 36 (36.7%) had serological signs of current SARS-CoV-2 infection at the time of serum sampling, and the incidence remained low during the study period. This study suggests that SARS CoV-2 was present in the first half of December 2019, 6 weeks before the first case was recognised in Norway. The low occurrence of SARS-CoV-2 infection during 2020, may be explained by high compliance to extensive preventive measures implemented early in the epidemic.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0950268822000073","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,13]],"date-time":"2022-01-13T07:24:01Z","timestamp":1642058641000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Prevalence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 among pregnant women in Norway during the period December 2019 through December 2020"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"150","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2756-1583","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anne","family":"Eskild","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lars","family":"M\u00f8rkrid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Siri Beisland","family":"Mortensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Truls Michael","family":"Leegaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0950268822000073_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)31304-0"},{"key":"S0950268822000073_ref17","unstructured":"17. Coronavirus Resource Center. Johns Hopkins University of Medicine Unites States. Available at https:\/\/coronavirus.jhu.edu\/data\/mortality (Accessed 1 October 2021)."},{"key":"S0950268822000073_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.abd5709"},{"key":"S0950268822000073_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)31483-5"},{"key":"S0950268822000073_ref11","unstructured":"11. The Norwegian Department of Health. Available at https:\/\/www.regjeringen.no\/en\/topics\/koronavirus-covid-19\/timeline-for-news-from-norwegian-ministries-about-the-coronavirus-disease-covid-19\/id2692402\/ (Accessed 1 October 2021)."},{"key":"S0950268822000073_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2026116"},{"key":"S0950268822000073_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2020.10.011"},{"key":"S0950268822000073_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)31714-1"},{"key":"S0950268822000073_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2020.4130"},{"key":"S0950268822000073_ref1","first-page":"e0235417","article-title":"Asymptomatic cases with SARS-CoV-2 infection","volume":"15","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Virology"},{"key":"S0950268822000073_ref13","unstructured":"13. The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. Available at https:\/\/www.ecdc.europa.eu\/en\/publications-data\/risk-assessment-outbreak-acute-respiratory-syndrome-associated-novel-0 (Accessed 1 October 2021)."},{"key":"S0950268822000073_ref5","first-page":"193","article-title":"Seroprevalence of immunoglobulin M and G antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in China","volume":"26","author":"Xu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature Medicine"},{"key":"S0950268822000073_ref18","unstructured":"18. Norwegian Institute of Public Health. Available at https:\/\/www.fhi.no\/en\/id\/infectious-diseases\/coronavirus\/daily-reports\/daily-reports-COVID19\/."},{"key":"S0950268822000073_ref12","unstructured":"12. The World Health Organization (WHO). Available at https:\/\/www.who.int\/emergencies\/diseases\/novel-coronavirus-2019\/interactive-timeline (Accessed 1 October 2021)."},{"key":"S0950268822000073_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.23619"},{"key":"S0950268822000073_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/M20-3012"},{"key":"S0950268822000073_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.10.020"},{"key":"S0950268822000073_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00238-5"},{"key":"S0950268822000073_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2013.09.015"}],"container-title":["Epidemiology and Infection"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0950268822000073","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,23]],"date-time":"2022-02-23T09:17:29Z","timestamp":1645607849000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0950268822000073\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"references-count":19,"alternative-id":["S0950268822000073"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0950268822000073","relation":{},"ISSN":["0950-2688","1469-4409"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0950-2688","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-4409","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}],"article-number":"e28"}}