{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T10:59:01Z","timestamp":1768820341760,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,25]],"date-time":"2023-04-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682380800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":114,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epidemiol. Infect."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t  <jats:p>The prevalence rate of coinfection Chagas disease (CD) and HIV in Brazil is between 1.3 and 5%. Serological tests for detecting CD use total antigen, which present cross reactivity with other endemic diseases, such as leishmaniasis. It is urge the use of a specific test to determinate the real prevalence of T. cruzi infection in people living with HIV AIDS (PLWHA). Here, we evaluated the prevalence of T. cruzi infection in a cohort of 240 PLWHA living in urban area from S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil. Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay, using epimastigote alkaline extract antigen from T. cruzi (ELISA EAE), returned a 2.0% prevalence. However by Immunoblotting, using trypomastigote excreted-secreted antigen (TESA Blot) from T. cruzi, we detected a prevalence of 0.83%. We consider that the real prevalence of T. cruzi-infection in PLWHA is 0.83%, lower than reported in literature; this is due to TESA Blot specificity, probably excluding false positives for CD immunodiagnosis. Our results demonstrate a real need to apply diagnostic tests with high sensitivity and specificity that can help assess the current status of CD\/HIV coinfection in Brazil in order to stratify the effective risk of reactivation and consequently decreasing mortality.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s095026882200187x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,25]],"date-time":"2023-04-25T09:49:10Z","timestamp":1682416150000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Prevalence of <i>Trypanosoma cruzi<\/i> infection in a cohort of people living with HIV\/AIDS from an urban area"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"151","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4076-0461","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Norival","family":"Kesper","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jose Carlos","family":"Ign\u00e1cio Junior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rafael Avila","family":"Rocci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mirela A.","family":"Cunha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Angelo Lauletta","family":"Lindoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"S095026882200187X_r36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001277"},{"key":"S095026882200187X_r18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0036-46651996000300003"},{"key":"S095026882200187X_r33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0037-86822011000800009"},{"key":"S095026882200187X_r2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001498"},{"key":"S095026882200187X_r6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)60061-X"},{"key":"S095026882200187X_r23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-020-05622-2"},{"key":"S095026882200187X_r17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.34.9.2143-2147.1996"},{"key":"S095026882200187X_r21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00142-16"},{"key":"S095026882200187X_r1","unstructured":"[1] World Health Organization (2021) Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis). Available at https:\/\/www.who.int\/health-topics\/chagas-disease#tab=tab_1. Accessed july 5, 2022."},{"key":"S095026882200187X_r13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.20-1141"},{"key":"S095026882200187X_r22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0732-8893(01)00216-4"},{"key":"S095026882200187X_r4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00365540903161523"},{"key":"S095026882200187X_r3","unstructured":"[3] World Health Oganization (2021) Neglected tropical diseases. Available at https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/q-a-detail\/neglected-tropical-diseases. Accessed july 19, 2022."},{"key":"S095026882200187X_r10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/516257"},{"key":"S095026882200187X_r24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2013.10.002"},{"key":"S095026882200187X_r14","first-page":"164","article-title":"Prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-Trypanosoma cruzi co-infection and injectable-drugs abuse in a Buenos Aires health center","volume":"40","author":"Dolcini","year":"2008","journal-title":"Revista Argentina de Microbiologia"},{"key":"S095026882200187X_r26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1423-0410.2004.00571.x"},{"key":"S095026882200187X_r29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pim.12627"},{"key":"S095026882200187X_r11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/21.5.1297"},{"key":"S095026882200187X_r30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.06.001"},{"key":"S095026882200187X_r15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2016.10.006"},{"key":"S095026882200187X_r9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/136485907X154629"},{"key":"S095026882200187X_r20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-2825(1996)10:6<407::AID-JCLA16>3.0.CO;2-0"},{"key":"S095026882200187X_r19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00127-07"},{"key":"S095026882200187X_r31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2012.10.013"},{"key":"S095026882200187X_r16","unstructured":"[16] Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade Protocolo Cl\u00ednico e Diretrizes Terap\u00eauticas para Manejo da Infec\u00e7\u00e3o pelo HIV em Adultos | Departamento de Doen\u00e7as de Condi\u00e7\u00f5es Cr\u00f4nicas e Infec\u00e7\u00f5es Sexualmente Transmiss\u00edveis. Available at http:\/\/www.aids.gov.br\/pt-br\/pub\/2013\/protocolo-clinico-e-diretrizes-terapeuticas-para-manejo-da-infeccao-pelo-hiv-em-adultos. 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Published by Cambridge University Press","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}],"article-number":"e72"}}