{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T13:50:29Z","timestamp":1775569829248,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,10]],"date-time":"2023-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675987200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":40,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epidemiol. Infect."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t  <jats:p>While the incidence of infections with the human immunodeficiency virus largely remained unchanged in Germany, an increase of other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) was observed. The aim was to analyse the effectiveness of our sexual education lecture for students in improving the awareness, knowledge and prevention of STIs. We conducted a cross-sectional survey after students had attended our extra-curricular lecture at the Department of Dermatology of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Germany (LMU). We compared the data with a previously performed study in which the same survey was carried out before the lecture had started. A total of 5866 questionnaires were included in the analysis. After attending the lecture significantly more students were aware of STIs (syphilis: 36.8% (before) <jats:italic>vs.<\/jats:italic> 63.5% (after); chlamydia: 30.5% <jats:italic>vs.<\/jats:italic> 49.3%; gonorrhoea: 22.4% <jats:italic>vs.<\/jats:italic> 38.2%; human papillomaviruses (HPV): 17.7% <jats:italic>vs.<\/jats:italic> 30.2%), the transmission pathways of STIs (oral: 36.6% <jats:italic>vs.<\/jats:italic> 82.6%; vaginal: 81.8% <jats:italic>vs.<\/jats:italic> 97.3%; anal: 42.8% <jats:italic>vs.<\/jats:italic> 94.0%; penile: 68.7% <jats:italic>vs.<\/jats:italic> 92.1%), knew that the HPV vaccination is directed against a virus (36.8% <jats:italic>vs.<\/jats:italic> 56.9%) and were interested in receiving a vaccination (57.7% <jats:italic>vs.<\/jats:italic> 78.8%). This study demonstrates the positive educative effects of our lecture for awareness and improved knowledge of STIs. To satisfy the need for a comprehensive sexual education, a combination of school and health facility-based programmes should be implemented as one single lecture cannot convey the entire information about STIs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0950268823000079","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,10]],"date-time":"2023-02-10T08:39:02Z","timestamp":1676018342000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The effectiveness of an extra-curricular lecture for STI prevention and sexual education"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"151","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"Reinholz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Nellessen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Zippel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Fuchs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Kaemmerer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B. M.","family":"Clanner-Engelshofen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L. H.","family":"Frommherz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Rummel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L. E.","family":"French","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5892-4925","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"P.-C.","family":"Stadler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0950268823000079_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djv086"},{"key":"S0950268823000079_ref1","unstructured":"1. Deutsche STI-Gesellschaft e. V. (2018) AWMF S2k-Leitlinie: Register Nummer 059 \u2013 004: Diagnostik und Therapie der Gonorrhoe. Version 2.0. Available at https:\/\/register.awmf.org\/assets\/guidelines\/059-004l_S2k_Gonorrhoe-Diagnostik-Therapie_2019-03.pdf."},{"key":"S0950268823000079_ref15","unstructured":"15. Robert Koch-Institut (2018) Aktuelle Daten und Informationen zu Infektionskrankheiten und Public Health. Epidemiologisches Bulletin 34, 336\u2013378."},{"key":"S0950268823000079_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-015-1029-2"},{"key":"S0950268823000079_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0000000000001185"},{"key":"S0950268823000079_ref18","first-page":"242","article-title":"S2k guideline: HPV-associated lesions of the external genital region and the anus \u2013 anogenital warts and precancerous lesions of the vulva, the penis, and the peri- and intra-anal skin (short version)","volume":"16","author":"Gross","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft"},{"key":"S0950268823000079_ref9","unstructured":"9. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2020) Sexually Transmitted Disease Surveillance 2020. CDC. Available at https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/std\/statistics\/2020\/default.htm#:~:text=Sexually%20Transmitted%20Disease%20Surveillance%2C%202020%20serves%20as%20a%20reminder%20that,STD%20surveillance%20and%20prevention%20efforts."},{"key":"S0950268823000079_ref6","unstructured":"6. United Nations Children's Fund (2020) HIV statistics \u2013 Global and regional trends. UNICEF. Available at https:\/\/data.unicef.org\/topic\/hivaids\/global-regional-trends\/#:~:text=Each%20day%20in%202021%2C%20approximately,prevention%2C%20care%20and%20treatment%20services."},{"key":"S0950268823000079_ref17","first-page":"169","article-title":"Evaluation of the knowledge of students concerning sexually transmitted infections in Bavaria\/Germany (a cross-sectional study)","volume":"20","author":"Rummel","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Dtsch Dermatol Ges"},{"key":"S0950268823000079_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31557\/APJCP.2021.22.3.971"},{"key":"S0950268823000079_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2015.08.022"},{"key":"S0950268823000079_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.16.1.1-17.2003"},{"key":"S0950268823000079_ref27","article-title":"Fr\u00fcherkennungsuntersuchungen als Instrument im Kinderschutz. 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Epidemiologisches Bulletin 49, 3\u201313."},{"key":"S0950268823000079_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00103-017-2590-1"},{"key":"S0950268823000079_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/ckr188"},{"key":"S0950268823000079_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2015-052341"},{"key":"S0950268823000079_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/ijamh-2014-0027"},{"key":"S0950268823000079_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2013.11.070"},{"key":"S0950268823000079_ref5","unstructured":"5. UNAIDs (2018) Global HIV and AIDS statistics \u2013 Fact Sheet. Geneva: Joint United Nations Programme on HIV\/AIDs. Available at https:\/\/www.unaids.org\/en\/resources\/fact-sheet."},{"key":"S0950268823000079_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-13-640"},{"key":"S0950268823000079_ref25","unstructured":"25. Deutscher Ethikrat, (2019) Nationale und internationale Impfstrategien. 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