{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T07:31:28Z","timestamp":1792481488951,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]],"date-time":"2023-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690848000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":212,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epidemiol. Infect."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t  <jats:p>This study aims to estimate the prevalence of HIV among each of the three key populations in Vietnam: people who inject drugs (PWID), female sex workers (FSW), and men who have sex with men (MSM) and quantify their shared risk factors for HIV infection through a systematic review and meta-analysis of recent literature (published in 2001\u20132017) in the relevant topics. A total of 17 studies consisting of 16,304 participants were selected in this review. The meta-analysis results revealed that the pooled prevalence estimates with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) among PWID, FSW, and MSM were: 0.293 (0.164, 0.421), 0.075 (0.060, 0.089), and 0.085 (0.044, 0.126), respectively. The findings also indicated that injecting drug use (OR: 9.88, 95%CI: 4.47\u201315.28), multiperson use of injecting equipment (OR: 2.91, 95%CI: 1.69, 4.17), and inconsistent condom use (OR: 2.11, 95%CI: 1.33, 2.90) were the shared risk factors for HIV infection among these population groups. The findings highlighted the importance of HIV prevention approaches to addressing the shared sexual and drug-related practices among the key populations in consideration of their overlapping social networks.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0950268823001243","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]],"date-time":"2023-08-01T04:16:00Z","timestamp":1690863360000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Prevalence and shared risk factors of HIV in three key populations in Vietnam: A systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"151","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7860-546X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patricia","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashraf","family":"Docrat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0950268823001243_r42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-016-1413-y"},{"key":"S0950268823001243_r43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-018-5944-1"},{"key":"S0950268823001243_r48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-011-9963-5"},{"key":"S0950268823001243_r50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-010-9804-y"},{"key":"S0950268823001243_r52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0376-8716(96)01279-3"},{"key":"S0950268823001243_r45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e31829b535b"},{"key":"S0950268823001243_r35","first-page":"156","article-title":"MSM in Vietnam - Stigma and social consequences","volume":"743","author":"Vu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Practical Medicine"},{"key":"S0950268823001243_r46","unstructured":"[46] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (2016) Using the peer-driven intervention model to increase HIV\/AIDS case finding in Mai Son district, Son La province. Global Health - Vietnam. Available at https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/globalhealth\/countries\/vietnam\/stories\/hiv-case-finding.html (accessed 8 July 2020)."},{"key":"S0950268823001243_r25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2005.016097"},{"key":"S0950268823001243_r11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-10-317"},{"key":"S0950268823001243_r31","first-page":"105","article-title":"Investigation of HIV\/AIDS prevalence and associated risk factors among female sex workers from 2010 to 2017: A meta-analysis study","volume":"11","author":"Eilami","year":"2019","journal-title":"HIV AIDS (Auckland)"},{"key":"S0950268823001243_r49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-010-9801-1"},{"key":"S0950268823001243_r51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5114\/hivar.2022.117210"},{"key":"S0950268823001243_r47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09540121.2017.1282105"},{"key":"S0950268823001243_r32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/7089150"},{"key":"S0950268823001243_r17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09540120802017610"},{"key":"S0950268823001243_r1","volume-title":"In Danger: UNAIDS Global AIDS Update","year":"2022"},{"key":"S0950268823001243_r53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11524-007-9225-z"},{"key":"S0950268823001243_r27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1097\/01.OLQ.0000105002.34902.B5","article-title":"Intravenous drug use among street-based sex workers: A high-risk behavior for HIV transmission","volume":"31","author":"Nguyen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Sexually Transmitted Diseases"},{"key":"S0950268823001243_r54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09540129848352"},{"key":"S0950268823001243_r26","first-page":"581","article-title":"HIV infection and risk characteristics among female sex workers in Hanoi Vietnam","volume":"39","author":"Tran","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes"},{"key":"S0950268823001243_r30","volume-title":"Global Overview: Drug Demand and Drug Supply. World Drug Report 2022","year":"2022"},{"key":"S0950268823001243_r20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0899-3289(01)00059-1"},{"key":"S0950268823001243_r38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12954-019-0277-7"},{"key":"S0950268823001243_r2","year":"2021"},{"key":"S0950268823001243_r44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epidem.2017.10.002"},{"key":"S0950268823001243_r12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000097"},{"key":"S0950268823001243_r8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.05.026153","article-title":"Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection patterns and risk behaviours in different population groups and provinces in Vietnam","volume":"85","author":"Nguyen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Bulletin of the World Health Organisation"},{"key":"S0950268823001243_r16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10826084.2010.505147"},{"key":"S0950268823001243_r18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-6-248"},{"key":"S0950268823001243_r29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-007-9267-y"},{"key":"S0950268823001243_r21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-016-1544-1"},{"key":"S0950268823001243_r7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-016-3088-8"},{"key":"S0950268823001243_r24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-008-9499-5"},{"key":"S0950268823001243_r19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1360-0443.2001.9634055.x"},{"key":"S0950268823001243_r33","first-page":"S169","article-title":"The importance of core groups in the epidemiology and control of HIV-1 infection","volume":"5","author":"Plummer","year":"1991","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"S0950268823001243_r28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-015-1265-x"},{"key":"S0950268823001243_r10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2012-001511"},{"key":"S0950268823001243_r15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.1186"},{"key":"S0950268823001243_r23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0086267"},{"key":"S0950268823001243_r3","year":"2022"},{"key":"S0950268823001243_r34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13691050903359257"},{"key":"S0950268823001243_r37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7448\/IAS.16.3.18715"},{"key":"S0950268823001243_r36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-015-1010-5"},{"key":"S0950268823001243_r6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11648\/j.sjph.20140203.22"},{"key":"S0950268823001243_r9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0b013e318265b180"},{"key":"S0950268823001243_r14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.283.15.2008"},{"key":"S0950268823001243_r13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.94.3.361"},{"key":"S0950268823001243_r39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0277-9536(00)00065-4"},{"key":"S0950268823001243_r4","unstructured":"[4] National Committee for AIDS, Drug and Prostitution Prevention and Control. (2014) Vietnam AIDS Response Progress Report. Available at https:\/\/www.aidsdatahub.org\/sites\/default\/files\/resource\/vietnam-aids-response-progress-report-2014.pdf (accessed 11 February 2022)."},{"key":"S0950268823001243_r5","unstructured":"[5] WHO - Western Pacific Region (2014) Joint Review of the Health Sector Response to HIV in Viet Nam Manila: WHO - Western Pacific Region. Available at https:\/\/iris.wpro.who.int\/handle\/10665.1\/12787 (accessed 11 February 2022)."},{"key":"S0950268823001243_r40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2007.01936.x"},{"key":"S0950268823001243_r41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.aids.0000222066.30125.b9"},{"key":"S0950268823001243_r22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2015.02.006"}],"container-title":["Epidemiology and Infection"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0950268823001243","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,22]],"date-time":"2023-08-22T09:37:27Z","timestamp":1692697047000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0950268823001243\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"references-count":54,"alternative-id":["S0950268823001243"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0950268823001243","relation":{},"ISSN":["0950-2688","1469-4409"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0950-2688","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-4409","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"assertion":[{"value":"\u00a9 The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}],"article-number":"e138"}}