{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T02:15:11Z","timestamp":1793067311359,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,19]],"date-time":"2023-09-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1695081600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":261,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epidemiol. Infect."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t  <jats:p>This study determined long-term health outcomes (\u226510 years) of Q-fever fatigue syndrome (QFS). Long-term complaints, health-related quality of life (HRQL), health status, energy level, fatigue, post-exertional malaise, anxiety, and depression were assessed. Outcomes and determinants were studied for the total sample and compared among age subgroups: young (&lt;40years), middle-aged (\u226540\u2013&lt;65years), and older (\u226565years) patients. 368 QFS patients were included. Participants reported a median number of 12.0 long-term complaints. Their HRQL (median EQ-5D-5L index: 0.63) and health status (median EQ-VAS: 50.0) were low, their level of fatigue was high, and many experienced post-exertional malaise complaints (98.9%). Young and middle-aged patients reported worse health outcomes compared with older patients, with both groups reporting a significantly worse health status, higher fatigue levels and anxiety, and more post-exertional malaise complaints and middle-aged patients having a lower HRQL and a higher depression risk. Multivariate regression analyses confirmed that older age is associated with better outcomes, except for the number of health complaints. QFS has thus a considerable impact on patients\u2019 health more than 10 years after infection. Young and middle-aged patients experience more long-term health consequences compared with older patients. Tailored health care is recommended to provide optimalcare for each QFS patient.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0950268823001401","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,19]],"date-time":"2023-09-19T09:04:45Z","timestamp":1695114285000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Long-term health outcomes of Q-fever fatigue syndrome patients"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"151","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9571-576X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Inge","family":"Spronk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iris M.","family":"Brus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annemieke","family":"de Groot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Tieleman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alfons G. M.","family":"Olde Loohuis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juanita A.","family":"Haagsma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suzanne","family":"Polinder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0950268823001401_r2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(05)70052-9"},{"key":"S0950268823001401_r24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s41687-021-00406-x"},{"key":"S0950268823001401_r26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20539"},{"key":"S0950268823001401_r20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-146-5-200703060-00004"},{"key":"S0950268823001401_r34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2021.744405"},{"key":"S0950268823001401_r38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-019-02256-z"},{"key":"S0950268823001401_r15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-011-9903-x"},{"key":"S0950268823001401_r37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/bul0000102"},{"key":"S0950268823001401_r39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2021.05.005"},{"key":"S0950268823001401_r17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3999(94)00125-O"},{"key":"S0950268823001401_r36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cix013"},{"key":"S0950268823001401_r25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2014.10.010"},{"key":"S0950268823001401_r4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0155884"},{"key":"S0950268823001401_r22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-012-0322-4"},{"key":"S0950268823001401_r6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/95.8.527"},{"key":"S0950268823001401_r33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-021-06913-3"},{"key":"S0950268823001401_r10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2019.03.185"},{"key":"S0950268823001401_r16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jval.2016.01.003"},{"key":"S0950268823001401_r7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.38933.585764.AE"},{"key":"S0950268823001401_r27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-022-01810-6"},{"key":"S0950268823001401_r8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2020.110258"},{"key":"S0950268823001401_r32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aet127"},{"key":"S0950268823001401_r29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2021.09.098"},{"key":"S0950268823001401_r31","first-page":"1","article-title":"Pain and depression are associated with more anxiety in ME\/CFS: A cross-sectional cohort study between Norway and Spain","volume":"11","author":"Strand","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clinical Medicine Insights: Psychiatry"},{"key":"S0950268823001401_r35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2019.04.005"},{"key":"S0950268823001401_r9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268815002216"},{"key":"S0950268823001401_r19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.MLR.0000093487.78664.3C"},{"key":"S0950268823001401_r28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13690-022-00990-4"},{"key":"S0950268823001401_r13","unstructured":"[13] CBS. Leeftijdsverdeling [cited 2022 28\u201303] (2022). Available at https:\/\/www.cbs.nl\/nl-nl\/visualisaties\/dashboard-bevolking\/leeftijd\/bevolking (accessed 1 November 2022)."},{"key":"S0950268823001401_r21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-007-7596-1"},{"key":"S0950268823001401_r40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics8030066"},{"key":"S0950268823001401_r30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)02143-7"},{"key":"S0950268823001401_r14","unstructured":"[14] UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2011) International Standard Classification of Education ISCED 2011, UIS, Editor, UIS: Montreal, Canada."},{"key":"S0950268823001401_r12","unstructured":"[12] Q-support. We support Q-fever patients (2022). Available at https:\/\/www.q-support.nu\/ (accessed 1 November 2022)."},{"key":"S0950268823001401_r5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2014.01.004"},{"key":"S0950268823001401_r18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.2011.02428.x"},{"key":"S0950268823001401_r23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12955-021-01771-3"},{"key":"S0950268823001401_r1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-011-1293-7"},{"key":"S0950268823001401_r11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1403494815571030"},{"key":"S0950268823001401_r3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/cks003"}],"container-title":["Epidemiology and Infection"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0950268823001401","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,23]],"date-time":"2023-10-23T09:14:11Z","timestamp":1698052451000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0950268823001401\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"references-count":40,"alternative-id":["S0950268823001401"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0950268823001401","relation":{},"ISSN":["0950-2688","1469-4409"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0950-2688","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-4409","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"assertion":[{"value":"\u00a9 The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}],"article-number":"e179"}}