{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T00:18:44Z","timestamp":1776730724533,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,29]],"date-time":"2024-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706486400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":28,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP23fk0108685 and JP23fk0108612"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP23fk0108685 and JP23fk0108612"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009036","name":"Strategic International Collaborative Research Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JPMJSC20U3 and JPMJSC2105"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JPMJSC20U3 and JPMJSC2105"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009036","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009028","name":"Research Institute of Science and Technology for Society","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JPMJRS22B4"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JPMJRS22B4"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009028","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014423","name":"Environmental Restoration and Conservation Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JPMEERF20S11804"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JPMEERF20S11804"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014423","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003478","name":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20CA2024, 20HA2007, 21HB1002, 21HA2016, and 23HA20"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20CA2024, 20HA2007, 21HB1002, 21HA2016, and 23HA20"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003478","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["21H03198 and 22K19670"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21H03198 and 22K19670"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epidemiol. Infect."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Introduction of African swine fever (ASF) to China in mid-2018 and the subsequent transboundary spread across Asia devastated regional swine production, affecting live pig and pork product-related markets worldwide. To explore the spatiotemporal spread of ASF in China, we reconstructed possible ASF transmission networks using nearest neighbour, exponential function, equal probability, and spatiotemporal case-distribution algorithms. From these networks, we estimated the reproduction numbers, serial intervals, and transmission distances of the outbreak. The mean serial interval between paired units was around 29 days for all algorithms, while the mean transmission distance ranged 332 \u2013456 km. The reproduction numbers for each algorithm peaked during the first two weeks and steadily declined through the end of 2018 before hovering around the epidemic threshold value of 1 with sporadic increases during 2019. These results suggest that 1) swine husbandry practices and production systems that lend themselves to long-range transmission drove ASF spread; 2) outbreaks went undetected by the surveillance system. Efforts by China and other affected countries to control ASF within their jurisdictions may be aided by the reconstructed spatiotemporal model. Continued support for strict implementation of biosecurity standards and improvements to ASF surveillance is essential for halting transmission in China and spread across Asia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0950268824000086","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,29]],"date-time":"2024-01-29T03:42:47Z","timestamp":1706499767000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Reconstruction and analysis of the transmission network of African swine fever in People\u2019s Republic of China, August 2018\u2013September 2019"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"152","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3269-7351","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrei R.","family":"Akhmetzhanov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sung-mok","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hyojung","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Natalie M.","family":"Linton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yichi","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Baoyin","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0941-8537","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Nishiura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0950268824000086_r3","unstructured":"[3] Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) ASF situation in Asia update. 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Published by Cambridge University Press","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}],"article-number":"e27"}}