{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]],"date-time":"2025-05-13T21:57:42Z","timestamp":1747173462881,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,17]],"date-time":"2024-01-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1705449600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":16,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epidemiol. Infect."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t  <jats:p>The yield of contact investigation on relapsed tuberculosis (TB) cases can guide strategies and resource allocation in the TB control programme. We conducted a retrospective cohort study to review the yield of contact investigation in relapsed TB cases and identify factors associated with TB infection (TBI) among close contacts of relapsed TB cases notified between 2018 and 2022 in Singapore. TB infection positivity was higher among contacts of relapsed cases which were culture-positive <jats:italic>for Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic> complex compared to those who were only polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-positive (14.8% vs. 12.3%). On multivariate analysis, after adjusting for age and gender of the index, gender, and existing comorbidities of contacts, factors independently associated with TBI were culture and smear positivity of the index (AOR 1.41, 95%CI 1.02\u20131.94), higher odds with every 10\u00a0years of increase in age compared to contacts below aged 30, contacts who were not Singapore residents (AOR 2.09, 95%CI 1.46\u20132.97), and household contacts (AOR 2.19, 95%CI 1.44\u20133.34). Although the yield of screening was higher for those who were culture-positive compared to only PCR-positive relapsed cases, contact tracing for only PCR-positive cases may still be important in a country with moderate TB incidence, should resources allow.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0950268824000104","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,17]],"date-time":"2024-01-17T07:33:07Z","timestamp":1705476787000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The yield of tuberculosis contact investigation on relapsed TB patients and analysis of associated risk factors: Singapore\u2019s experience"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"152","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8135-2053","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Win M.","family":"Kyaw","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leo K.-Y.","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jun Y.","family":"Tay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeffery L.","family":"Cutter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Deborah H. L.","family":"Ng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0950268824000104_r17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2022.1066269"},{"key":"S0950268824000104_r18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.13693"},{"key":"S0950268824000104_r12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-022-01860-z"},{"key":"S0950268824000104_r6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01696-17"},{"key":"S0950268824000104_r3","first-page":"55","article-title":"Prevalence of and risk factors associated with latent tuberculosis in Singapore: A cross-sectional survey","volume":"72","author":"Yap","year":"2018","journal-title":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases: IJID: Official Publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"S0950268824000104_r9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjresp-2022-001224"},{"key":"S0950268824000104_r10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00851-2017"},{"key":"S0950268824000104_r4","unstructured":"[4] Department of Statistics, Singapore. Population and population structure (mid-year estimates). Available at https:\/\/www.singstat.gov.sg\/find-data\/search-by-theme\/population\/population-and-population-structure\/latest-data (accessed 6 June 2023)."},{"key":"S0950268824000104_r16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-019-3942-2"},{"key":"S0950268824000104_r19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(19)30423-2"},{"key":"S0950268824000104_r13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwg227"},{"key":"S0950268824000104_r14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-020-08879-z"},{"key":"S0950268824000104_r2","unstructured":"[2] Ministry of Health, Singapore (2023) Update on tuberculosis situation in Singapore. Available at https:\/\/www.moh.gov.sg\/news-highlights\/details\/update-on-tuberculosis-situation-in-singapore-2023 (accessed 6 June 2023)."},{"key":"S0950268824000104_r1","unstructured":"[1] World Health Organization (2022) Global tuberculosis report 2022. World Health Organization. Available at https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/tuberculosis (accessed 6 June 2023)."},{"key":"S0950268824000104_r11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(08)70071-9"},{"key":"S0950268824000104_r5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/civ1223"},{"key":"S0950268824000104_r15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-020-05465-x"},{"key":"S0950268824000104_r8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/2.2.153"},{"key":"S0950268824000104_r7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2020.03.011"}],"container-title":["Epidemiology and Infection"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0950268824000104","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,12]],"date-time":"2024-02-12T10:21:33Z","timestamp":1707733293000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0950268824000104\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"references-count":19,"alternative-id":["S0950268824000104"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0950268824000104","relation":{},"ISSN":["0950-2688","1469-4409"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0950-2688"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1469-4409"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"assertion":[{"value":"\u00a9 The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}],"article-number":"e26"}}