{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T00:27:14Z","timestamp":1759883234216,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,24]],"date-time":"2025-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737676800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":23,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epidemiol. Infect."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t  <jats:p>Sexually transmitted infections caused by <jats:italic>Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct)<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Mycoplasma genitalium (Mg)<\/jats:italic> have significant implications both at the individual and societal levels. Our study evaluated various co-factors associated with persistent serum IgG-antibodies to <jats:italic>Ct<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Mg.<\/jats:italic> Three hundred and twenty nine pregnant women and 135 men from the Finnish Family HPV study were analyzed for serum IgG-antibodies of pGP3 for <jats:italic>Ct<\/jats:italic> and MgPa and rMgPa for <jats:italic>Mg<\/jats:italic> using multiplex serology. Seropersistence to both <jats:italic>Ct<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Mg<\/jats:italic> was more common in women (30.4% and 13.3%) than in men (17.4% and 5.3%). The number of lifetime sexual partners above 10, the practice of anal sex, and a history of diagnosed <jats:italic>Ct<\/jats:italic> were associated with seropersistence to <jats:italic>Ct<\/jats:italic> in women, adjusted ORs 5.6 (95%CI 1.39\u201322.29), 15.3 (95%CI 1.18\u2013197.12) and 18.0 (95%CI 5.59\u201357.92), respectively. The increasing number of partners before the age of 20 was the main risk factor for seropersistence among women with <jats:italic>Mg<\/jats:italic>, adjusted OR range from 5.0 to 12.3 (95%CI range 1.17\u2013100.90) and in men only with 6\u201310 partners for <jats:italic>Ct<\/jats:italic>, adjusted OR 12.6 (95%CI 1.55\u2013102.49). To conclude, persistent <jats:italic>Ct<\/jats:italic> antibodies were associated with various sexual activities, and <jats:italic>Mg<\/jats:italic> seropositivity was mainly associated with increased sexual activity in early adulthood.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s095026882500007x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,24]],"date-time":"2025-01-24T02:46:31Z","timestamp":1737686791000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Risk factors associated with IgG seropersistence to <i>Chlamydia trachomatis<\/i> and <i>Mycoplasma genitalium<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"153","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-0337-7420","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nea","family":"Koskela","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tampere University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Butt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Birgitta E.","family":"Michels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kari","family":"Syrj\u00e4nen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SMW Consultants, Ltd."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seija","family":"Grenman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Turku University Hospital, University of Turku"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tim","family":"Waterboer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stina","family":"Syrj\u00e4nen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Turku"},{"name":"Turku University Hospital"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karolina","family":"Louvanto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tampere University"},{"name":"Tampere University Hospital"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"S095026882500007X_r33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0b013e31815abac6"},{"key":"S095026882500007X_r25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2005.052381"},{"key":"S095026882500007X_r14","first-page":"e399","article-title":"Advancing the public health applications of Chlamydia trachomatis serology","volume":"18","author":"Woodhall","year":"2018","journal-title":"The Lancet: Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"S095026882500007X_r6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/0956462021924695"},{"key":"S095026882500007X_r21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00048-06"},{"key":"S095026882500007X_r18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00021-09"},{"key":"S095026882500007X_r17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00847-10"},{"key":"S095026882500007X_r11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/16.9.1866"},{"key":"S095026882500007X_r10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.32999"},{"key":"S095026882500007X_r32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyv194"},{"key":"S095026882500007X_r3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.18.228486"},{"key":"S095026882500007X_r9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-020-05019-1"},{"key":"S095026882500007X_r28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0183101"},{"key":"S095026882500007X_r31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/656739"},{"key":"S095026882500007X_r27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jis621"},{"key":"S095026882500007X_r5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.23487"},{"key":"S095026882500007X_r15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-8-90"},{"key":"S095026882500007X_r24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djy084"},{"key":"S095026882500007X_r8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.olq.0000237860.61298.54"},{"key":"S095026882500007X_r30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-29307-3"},{"key":"S095026882500007X_r7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/0956462001916209"},{"key":"S095026882500007X_r26","first-page":"834","article-title":"Prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis genital infection among persons aged 14\u201339 years\u2014United States, 2007\u20132012","volume":"63","author":"Torrone","year":"2014","journal-title":"MMWR. 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