{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T08:04:56Z","timestamp":1784275496754,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770163200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":34,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epidemiol. Infect."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Acute gastrointestinal infections (AGIs) can lead to significant morbidity and mortality. In diagnosing AGI, culture-independent diagnostic tests offer advantages over traditional methods and increase the chance of detecting multiple pathogens (co-detection). A retrospective analysis of data from a tertiary pediatric hospital was conducted to characterize occurrence of AGI co-detections and compare outcomes with patients who had only one AGI pathogen detected. Medical records were obtained for patients with stool samples tested using BioFire FilmArray GI Panel between 1 January 2016 and 31 December 2020. Data were described using descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and logistic regression to identify risk factors and estimate co-detection rates. During the study period, 12,753 patients had a total of 17,159 stool samples tested. Of these, 8,212(47.9%) tested positive, with 6,040(73.6%) being single detections and 2,172(26.4%) being co-detections. Patients with single detection experienced higher hospitalization rates than patients with co-detection. Patients 1\u20134\u00a0years old exhibited the highest co-detection rate relative to other age groups, while Hispanic\/Latino individuals were 1.75 times more likely to have co-detection than other races. This study emphasizes the significance of understanding pathogen interactions concerning clinical characteristics and epidemiology of AGI, and the necessity for effective diagnostic strategies and optimal healthcare resource allocation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0950268826101083","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T07:38:25Z","timestamp":1770190705000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Patterns of gastrointestinal pathogen co-detection in pediatric stool samples identified by rapid multiplex PCR"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"154","author":[{"given":"Keyao","family":"Xiong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Foodborne Illness Research and Prevention"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juliana M.","family":"Ruzante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RTI International"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ross M.","family":"Maltz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nationwide Children\u2019s Hospital"},{"name":"The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8477-5097","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James Andrew","family":"Barkley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Ohio State University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-6407-5159","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nadira","family":"Yasmin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Ohio State University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3738-8294","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Devin","family":"LaPolt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The George Washington University Milken Institute School of Public Health"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tyler","family":"Cobb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The George Washington University Milken Institute School of Public Health"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Kowalcyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Foodborne Illness Research and Prevention"},{"name":"The George Washington University Milken Institute School of Public Health"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0950268826101083_r12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2018.11.029"},{"key":"S0950268826101083_r5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0250767"},{"key":"S0950268826101083_r28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciad710"},{"key":"S0950268826101083_r23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/ice.2022.208"},{"key":"S0950268826101083_r19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13099-024-00638-4"},{"key":"S0950268826101083_r20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2015.04.007"},{"key":"S0950268826101083_r18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciy357"},{"key":"S0950268826101083_r7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2014.07.011"},{"key":"S0950268826101083_r29","first-page":"e01073","article-title":"Use of gastrointestinal syndromic multiplex molecular assays and detection of Escherichia coli pathotypes in pediatric wards","volume":"63","author":"Bizot","year":"2025","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology American Society for Microbiology"},{"key":"S0950268826101083_r25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/icb\/icr058"},{"key":"S0950268826101083_r24","article-title":"The influence of parasite infections on host immunity to co-infection with other pathogens","volume":"9","author":"Mabbott","year":"2018","journal-title":"Frontiers in Immunology Frontiers"},{"key":"S0950268826101083_r3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01457-17"},{"key":"S0950268826101083_r13","unstructured":"[13] (PDF) Coinfection in acute gastroenteritis predicts a more severe clinical course in children. https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/235391746_Coinfection_in_acute_gastroenteritis_predicts_a_more_severe_clinical_course_in_children?utm_source=chatgpt.com (accessed 21 November 2025)."},{"key":"S0950268826101083_r14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116544"},{"key":"S0950268826101083_r16","unstructured":"[16] Rural-Urban Commuting Area Codes. 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Published by Cambridge University Press","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}],"article-number":"e24"}}