{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T17:09:56Z","timestamp":1785431396787,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774396800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":83,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epidemiol. Infect."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    This retrospective study analysed 14,625 isolates of the six major hospital-associated \u2018ESKAPE\u2019 pathogens (\n                    <jats:italic>Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>Enterobacter<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp.) collected between 2002 and 2024 in a Hungarian tertiary-care centre. Antimicrobial resistance was assessed using the antibiotic resistance index (ARI), multidrug resistance (MDR) ratios, and resistance instability index (RII).\n                    <jats:italic>A. baumannii<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>E. faecium<\/jats:italic>\n                    showed the highest resistance burdens and instability. Age showed a significant monotonic association with resistance (Spearman r\u00a0=\u00a00.88), with peaks in infants, middle-aged women, and the elderly. Species-specific age trends varied, with a negative correlation seen in\n                    <jats:italic>Enterobacter<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp. Hierarchical clustering grouped pathogens by resistance trajectory rather than taxonomy. Pairwise resistance distances confirmed divergence between Gram-positive and Gram-negative species. Resistance to aminoglycosides and sulphonamides showed the highest year-to-year variability, as quantified by the RII, particularly in\n                    <jats:italic>A. baumannii<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>E. faecium.<\/jats:italic>\n                    Vector autoregressive (VAR) modelling predicted continued MDR increases in these species. A strong correlation was found between ARI and RII (Pearson r\u00a0=\u00a00.85, p\u00a0=\u00a00.032). These findings underscore the importance of integrating resistance magnitude and volatility in surveillance.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0950268826101307","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T09:53:26Z","timestamp":1774432406000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Two decades of ESKAPE pathogens: Longitudinal analysis of antibiotic resistance trends between 2002 and 2024 in a Hungarian clinical centre"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"154","author":[{"given":"Bence","family":"Sajerli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01pnej532","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of 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