{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T22:14:27Z","timestamp":1788560067392,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776384000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":106,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epidemiol. Infect."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    In September 2020, an unexpected increase in\n                    <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                    Muenchen patient isolates and notifications was observed. We investigated the outbreak to identify the vehicle of infection. RKI defined cases as patients with laboratory-confirmed\n                    <jats:italic>S.<\/jats:italic>\n                    Muenchen infections reported between September 2020 and July 2021. Genomes of clinical, food, and animal\n                    <jats:italic>S.<\/jats:italic>\n                    Muenchen isolates were analysed using cgMLST. We conducted interviews and performed a frequency-matched case\u2013control study. We calculated frequencies and adjusted odds ratios (aOR) using logistic regression. We identified 301 cases in eight federal states in Germany. Hypothesis-generating interviews did not provide a conclusive hint of a possible vehicle.\n                    <jats:italic>S.<\/jats:italic>\n                    Muenchen strains were detected in dried coconut pieces, milk powder used for chocolate production, and a wild swan, all with a cgMLST profile indistinguishable from the prominent node comprising 116 patient isolates. Cases included in the case\u2013control study more often consumed dried coconut pieces (22\/30) than controls (2\/116) (aOR: 176 (95% confidence interval: 32\u2013954)). In this investigation, cgMLST analysis presented identical strains in three different isolate sources. The case\u2013control study supported dried coconut pieces as vehicle of infection demonstrating the importance of interdisciplinary investigations and underscoring the potential impact of unusual vehicles.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0950268826101423","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T06:02:56Z","timestamp":1776405776000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Large outbreak of\n                    <i>Salmonella<\/i>\n                    Muenchen linked to dried coconut pieces, September 2020 to July 2021, Germany"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"154","author":[{"given":"Doreen","family":"Staat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Robert Koch Institute"},{"name":"Robert Koch Institute"},{"name":"European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Simon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Robert Koch Institute"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Pietsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Robert Koch Institute"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina C.","family":"Lamparter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03k3ky186","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennie","family":"Fischer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03k3ky186","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Schewe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00wf3sn74","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Federal Office of Consumer Protection and Food Safety Berlin Mitte"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0516-1711","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bettina Marlene","family":"Rosner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Robert Koch Institute"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tobias","family":"Wagner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04bqwzd17","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katja","family":"Siling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NRW Centre for Health"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Judith","family":"Overhoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/029djbz77","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg Institute of Hygiene and Environment"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Sch\u00e4fers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/029djbz77","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg Institute of Hygiene and Environment"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olivier","family":"Aust","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemical and Veterinary Investigation Office Rhein-Ruhr-Wupper (CVUA-RRW)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ekkehard","family":"Hiller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/049waqj15","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Chemical and Veterinary Investigation Office Stuttgart"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antje","family":"Flieger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Robert Koch Institute"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Klaus","family":"Stark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Robert Koch Institute"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6226-5416","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sofie","family":"Gillesberg Lassen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Robert Koch Institute"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9244-9486","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anika","family":"Meinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Robert Koch Institute"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0950268826101423_r5","unstructured":"[5] (2019) Robert Koch-Institut: Infektionsepidemiologisches Jahrbuch f\u00fcr 2018. 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Published by Cambridge University Press","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}],"article-number":"e55"}}